Risk of Childhood Asthma Prevalence Attributable to Residential Proximity to Major Roads in Montreal, Canada

Price, Karine; Plante, Céline; Goudreau, Sophie; Boldo, Elena; Perron, Stéphane; Smargiassi, Audrey

doi:10.1007/bf03404213

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The results of the present study also correspond to the findings of other studies which revealed geographic concentrations of cancer morbidity near heavy roads [ 30 , 40 , 41 , 68 ], and in proximity to industrial areas [ 11 , 38 ]. Thus, [ 69 ] identified the link between traffic-related pollution and respiratory morbidity, measured by lung function impairment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although in the above mentioned and other studies (see inter alia [ 6 , 41 – 43 ]), areal proximities were used for assessing the adverse effects of different health hazards on human morbidity, this method was mostly applied to pre - identified health risk sources, that is, health hazards found at known locations—such as roads, industrial sites, etc.…”

Section: Spatial Identification Of Pollution Sources and Morbidity Homentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial identification of potential health hazards: a systematic areal search approach

et al. 2017

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Background and aimsLarge metropolitan areas often exhibit multiple morbidity hotspots. However, the identification of specific health hazards, associated with the observed morbidity patterns, is not always straightforward. In this study, we suggest an empirical approach to the identification of specific health hazards, which have the highest probability of association with the observed morbidity patterns.MethodsThe morbidity effect of a particular health hazard is expected to weaken with distance. To account for this effect, we estimate distance decay gradients for alternative locations and then rank these locations based on the strength of association between the observed morbidity and wind-direction weighted proximities to these locations. To validate this approach, we use both theoretical examples and a case study of the Greater Haifa Metropolitan Area (GHMA) in Israel, which is characterized by multiple health hazards.ResultsIn our theoretical examples, the proposed approach helped to identify correctly the predefined locations of health hazards, while in the real-world case study, the main health hazard was identified as a spot in the industrial zone, which hosts several petrochemical facilities.ConclusionThe proposed approach does not require extensive input information and can be used as a preliminary risk assessment tool in a wide range of environmental settings, helping to identify potential environmental risk factors behind the observed population morbidity patterns.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12942-017-0078-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Spatial Identification Of Pollution Sources and Morbidity Homentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial identification of potential health hazards: a systematic areal search approach

et al. 2017

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“…The attributable risk is a measure of impact, taking account both of the association between disease and exposure, and the proportion of subjects exposed. Spatial variation in attributable risks and in risk-specific disease rates reflects the impact of environmental risk factors on health, and is important for health agencies in prioritizing interventions (Narayan et al, 1999;Price et al, 2012). As mentioned by Diez-Roux et al (2008), strategies to prevent chronic disease need to focus not only on changing individual behaviors or treating risk factors, but also on modifying the environments that facilitate the development and maintenance of risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One may also derive attributable numbers of diabetes cases due to excess weight (e.g. Price et al, 2012). 8 The ASPR may be estimated from another form of model (e.g.…”

Section: Exposure Specific Area Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in attributable risks

Congdon¹

2015

Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology

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The attributable risk (AR) measures the contribution of a particular risk factor to a disease, and allows estimation of disease rates specific to that risk. While previous studies consider variability in ARs over demographic categories, this paper considers the extent of spatial variability in ARs estimated from multilevel data with confounders both at individual and geographic levels. A case study considers the AR for diabetes in relation to elevated BMI, and area rates for diabetes attributable to excess weight. Contextual adjustment includes known area variables, and unobserved spatially clustered influences, while spatial heterogeneity (effect modification) is considered in terms of varying effects of elevated BMI by neighbourhood deprivation category. The application is to patient register data in London, with clear evidence of spatial variation in ARs, and in small area diabetes rates attributable to excess weight.

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“…UFP collected from the Los Angeles Air Basin have been shown to act as adjuvants to enhance the development and severity of allergic airway disease, using a similar OVA-induced murine model of asthma [6]. In addition, epidemiologic studies have reported an increased incidence of asthma in children living in close proximity to highway traffic [26,27], where ambient UFP concentrations are high [28]. By comparison, relatively few studies have investigated the exacerbation of allergic airway disease by other types of NP exposures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered silica nanoparticles act as adjuvants to enhance allergic airway disease in mice

et al. 2013

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BackgroundWith the increase in production and use of engineered nanoparticles (NP; ≤ 100 nm), safety concerns have risen about the potential health effects of occupational or environmental NP exposure. Results of animal toxicology studies suggest that inhalation of NP may cause pulmonary injury with subsequent acute or chronic inflammation. People with chronic respiratory diseases like asthma or allergic rhinitis may be even more susceptible to toxic effects of inhaled NP. Few studies, however, have investigated adverse effects of inhaled NP that may enhance the development of allergic airway disease.MethodsWe investigated the potential of polyethylene glycol coated amorphous silica NP (SNP; 90 nm diameter) to promote allergic airway disease when co-exposed during sensitization with an allergen. BALB/c mice were sensitized by intranasal instillation with 0.02% ovalbumin (OVA; allergen) or saline (control), and co-exposed to 0, 10, 100, or 400 μg of SNP. OVA-sensitized mice were then challenged intranasally with 0.5% OVA 14 and 15 days after sensitization, and all animals were sacrificed a day after the last OVA challenge. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected, and pulmonary tissue was processed for histopathology and biochemical and molecular analyses.ResultsCo-exposure to SNP during OVA sensitization caused a dose-dependent enhancement of allergic airway disease upon challenge with OVA alone. This adjuvant-like effect was manifested by significantly greater OVA-specific serum IgE, airway eosinophil infiltration, mucous cell metaplasia, and Th2 and Th17 cytokine gene and protein expression, as compared to mice that were sensitized to OVA without SNP. In saline controls, SNP exposure did cause a moderate increase in airway neutrophils at the highest doses.ConclusionsThese results suggest that airway exposure to engineered SNP could enhance allergen sensitization and foster greater manifestation of allergic airway disease upon secondary allergen exposures. Whereas SNP caused innate immune responses at high doses in non-allergic mice, the adjuvant effects of SNP were found at lower doses in allergic mice and were Th2/Th17 related. In conclusion, these findings in mice suggest that individuals exposed to SNP might be more prone to manifest allergic airway disease, due to adjuvant-like properties of SNP.

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Risk of Childhood Asthma Prevalence Attributable to Residential Proximity to Major Roads in Montreal, Canada

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Spatial identification of potential health hazards: a systematic areal search approach

Spatial identification of potential health hazards: a systematic areal search approach

Spatial variation in attributable risks

Engineered silica nanoparticles act as adjuvants to enhance allergic airway disease in mice

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