Risk of Childhood Obesity in the Toddler Offspring of Mothers With Gestational Diabetes

Abstract

II.

Mothers with gestational diabetes are more likely to give birth to children who experience early weight problems

“…Our longitudinal data from birth to 12 years of age were ideal for analysing the BMI trajectories of children born to mothers with diabetes between the 1970s and 2000s. Conventionally, the change of BMI with age has been investigated cross‐sectionally . To our knowledge, our study was the first to examine how GDM or gestational type 1 diabetes affected the offspring's adiposity rebound timing, which has been assumed to be a major predictor of obesity in later stages of life .…”

“…Traditionally, the growth of children born to mothers with GDM has been studied cross-sectionally, and therefore, there has been a lack of deeper understanding about growth and changes to their body mass index (BMI) (11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

Increasing Maternal Body Mass Index and the Accuracy of Sonographic Estimation of Fetal Weight Near Delivery

“…of the fetal origins of disease have demonstrated associations between maternal obesity and childhood diseases such as obesity and metabolic syndrome. [16][17][18] Maternal obesity has also been found to be associated with abnormal labor [19][20][21][22][23][24] and fetal macrosomia. 7,25,26 The prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain have been associated with an increased risk of surgical delivery.…”

Does Pet-Keeping Modify the Association of Delivery Mode with Offspring Body Size?

“…Maternal obesity is a risk factor for CS [49] and independently increases risk of offspring obesity [50]. Gut microbiomes of pre-pregnancy overweight and normal weight mothers differ and maternal weight gain over pregnancy is associated with gut microbial composition [51, 52]; these maternal factors appear to similarly influence differences in the offsprings' gut microbial composition [53].…”