Risk of COPD From Exposure to Biomass Smoke

Fatores associados à Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica em idosos

“…The stopping of smoking is described as the most effective intervention in the reduction of the development of pulmonary problems increasing the chances of survival and reducing morbidity 23 . This study found associations amongst current and past smoking habits with the presence COPD in elderly as described in the literature 7,10,11,22,23 without there being evidence associated with the smoking burden in the group with COPD which might be related to memory limitations since the studied public was older people. The presence of chronic sputum as the only respiratory symptom associated with COPD in the studied older people, differs in the data from the literature on the symptoms since there is a greater emphasis on coughs and dyspnea 1,24 .…”

“…There is not much data on COPD in the country's inner states. The northern region of Minas Gerais showed socio-demographic characteristics and cultural ones that contain risk factors for COPD as the use of domestic wood stoves 11 and a population with many elderly people, since age is a risk factor connected to COPD 1 . In the face of the particularities in the diagnostics of COPD in elderly people, this study had the objective of identifying the factors associated with COPD in non-institutionalized elderly people being a population based study in a city that is a part of a wider region.…”

Effects of Smoking, Depression, and Anxiety on Mortality in COPD Patients: A Prospective Study

“…In practice, the mortality of patients with COPD has been found to be predicted by air-flow limitation, 6 hypercapnia, 7 hypoxemia, 8 low exercise capacity, 9 smoking habits, 8,10 dyspnea, 11 low body mass index, 12 a high BODE (body mass index, obstruction, dyspnea, exercise capacity) index, 13,14 and exposure to biomass smoke. 15 Two of the most common comorbidities of patients with COPD are depression and anxiety, 16 which increase mortality. [17][18][19][20] Smoking significantly increased the cumulative incidence of COPD in a 25-year follow-up study.…”

La educación terapéutica en los pacientes con EPOC

“…En diversas revisiones sistemáticas han identificado la biomasa y otros combustibles para la calefacción o la cocina en áreas rurales como factores de riesgo de padecer EPOC (54,(60)(61)(62)(63). Un ensayo clínico llevado a cabo en España, en 120 mujeres, que utilizaban el horno o la calefacción a base de leña, con una exposición media de 16 años, mostro que la exposición al humo de leña o carbón está fuertemente asociada a la EPOC.…”

“…Existen investigaciones que afirman que la exposición al polvo ambiental y humos en países en vías de desarrollo o desarrollados (54)(55)(56)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64)68), como el ozono, las partículas en suspensión, el monóxido de carbono (CO), el dióxido de sulfuro (SO 2 ) , el dióxido de nitrógeno (NO 2 ), otros gases (54), materiales industriales, partículas procedentes de la minería y la combustión, productos La educación terapéutica en los pacientes con EPOC químicos agrícolas, el humo de los cigarros presentes en la contaminación atmosférica, asociados al tráfico rodado, es un factor de predisposición a las exacerbaciones (69). Sin embargo existe controversia en cuanto a su relación como factor de causa directa de la enfermedad (54).…”