Risk of metabolic disorders in childless men: a population-based cohort study

Bungum, Ane Berger; Glazer, Clara Helene; Bonde, Jens Peter; Nilsson, Peter M.; Giwercman, Aleksander; Tøttenborg, Sandra Søgaard

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020293

Cited by 23 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Research has consistently found that parenthood predicts lower morbidity and mortality among men (Bungum et al 2018;Modig et al 2017). These findings suggests that paternity might be protective for men's health, and opens questions about whether this association is driven by a causal effect of fatherhood and about its potential mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The transition to fatherhood and the health of men

Torche¹,

Rauf²

2019

Preprint

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Objective: To examine the causal effects of fatherhood on several health behaviors and outcomes among a representative sample of Millennial men in the Unites States.Background: The literature offers mixed predictions about how fatherhood affects health. Identity theory suggests that fatherhood is protective for health. Stress theory implies that the strain of parental responsibilities and accompanying marital tensions could worsen health. The social integration perspective argues that parenthood may discourage substance use but restrict health-promoting activities. Jointly examining multiple health indicators is needed to understand the interplay of these mechanisms.Method: We use the NLSY97 longitudinal survey and a battery of novel fixed effects formulations to identify effects of paternity controlling for selectivity based on unobserved traits, marital status, and unobserved life-course trajectories.Results: Becoming a father induces weight gain and a decline in self-reported health, but reduces risky behaviors, including alcohol and marijuana use among all men, and smoking and substance abuse among non-college-educated men. These effects are robust across specifications and persistent over time. Conclusion: The transition to fatherhood induces enduring lifestyle changes with important health consequences. Identity and social regulation mechanisms appear to discourage addictive behaviors, but fatherhood as a source of social integration likely drives weight gain. The decline in subjective health, net of behavioral changes, is consistent with stress theory. Implications: Becoming a father has both positive and negative health consequences that likely shape men’s health trajectories in late adulthood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The transition to fatherhood and the health of men

Torche¹,

Rauf²

2019

Preprint

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“…In a recent study of 2572 Swedish men, an elevated risk of MetS and type 2 diabetes was found in childless men as compared to those men who have fathered one or more children [7]. Having access to a larger cohort of men from background population and a longer follow-up, we wanted to evaluate the metabolic profile of childless men and estimate the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality accounting for well known risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including smoking, alcohol consumption, high body mass index (BMI), dyslipidemia, hypertension, family history of CVD high fasting glucose, and socioeconomic factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It has also been shown that men who fathered children following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-which is the preferred method when semen quality is poor-more often is prescribed drug treatment for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and MetS [5]. Married men who have not fathered children, which might reflect impaired fertility, have presented with higher risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease [6,7]. Therefore, a man's reproductive performance was suggested to be a general health marker [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male childlessness as independent predictor of risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: A population-based cohort study with more than 30 years follow-up

et al. 2020

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In a recent population-based study, an elevated risk of the Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes was found in childless men compared to those who have fathered one or more children. Therefore, by using a larger cohort of more than 22 000 men from the Malmo Preventive Project (MPP) we aimed to expand our observations in order to evaluate the metabolic profile of childless men and to evaluate if childlessness is an additional and independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), mortality and incident diabetes when accounting for well-known biochemical, anthropometric, socioeconomic and lifestyle related known risk factors. Logistic regression was used to assess risk of MACE, diabetes and MetS at baseline. Multivariate Cox regression was used to evaluate the risks of MACE and mortality following the men from baseline screening until first episode of MACE, death from other causes, emigration, or end of follow-up (31 st December 2016) adjusting for age, family history, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, educational status, body mass index, prevalent diabetes, high blood lipids, increased fasting glucose and hypertension. Childless men presented with a worse metabolic profile than fathers at the baseline examination, with elevated risk of high triglycerides, odds ratio (OR) 1.24 (95% CI: 1.10-1.42), high fasting glucose OR 1.23 (95%CI: 1.05-1.43) and high blood pressure, OR 1.28 (95%CI: 1.14-1.45), respectively. In the fully adjusted prospective analysis, childless men presented with elevated risk of cardiovascular mortality, HR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.18-1.49) and all-cause mortality, HR 1.23 (95%CI: 1.14-1.33), respectively. In conclusion, these results add to previous studies showing associations between male reproductive health, morbidity and mortality. Male childlessness, independently of well-known socioeconomic , behavioral and metabolic risk factors, predicts risk of cardiovascular disease and

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“…Other studies have shown an association between male childlessness or infertility and risk of CVD, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome [47,48]. The prevalence of hypogonadism is significantly increased among men with reduced fertility [49].…”

Section: Male Hypogonadism and Cardiovascular Riskmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hypertension and Reproduction

et al. 2020

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Purpose of Review Many aspects of reproduction have been associated with increased blood pressure and impaired glucose metabolism that reveals a subsequent increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this review is to assess reproductive life factors associated with an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, e.g., early life programming, sexual, and reproductive health in men and women. Recent Findings Impaired fetal growth, with low birth weight adjusted for gestational age, has been found associated with hypertension in adulthood. Erectile dysfunction, currently considered an early diagnostic marker of cardiovascular disease preceding the manifestation of coronary artery disease by several years, frequently coexisting with hypertension, could also be exacerbated by some antihypertensive drugs. Male hypogonadism or subfertility are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy including preeclampsia represent a major cause of maternal, fetal and neonatal morbidity, and mortality. The risk of developing preeclampsia can be substantially reduced in women at its high or moderate risk with a low dose of acetylsalicylic acid initiated from 12 weeks of gestation. An increased risk of hypertension in women following invasive-assisted reproductive technologies has been newly observed. Blood pressure elevation has been noticed following contraceptive pill use, around the menopause and in postmenopausal age. Furthermore, drug treatment of hypertension has to be considered as a factor with a potential impact on reproduction (e.g., due to teratogenic drug effects). Summary In summary, a deeper understanding of reproductive life effects on hypertension and metabolic abnormalities may improve prediction of future cardiovascular disease.

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Risk of metabolic disorders in childless men: a population-based cohort study

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

The transition to fatherhood and the health of men

The transition to fatherhood and the health of men

Male childlessness as independent predictor of risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: A population-based cohort study with more than 30 years follow-up

Hypertension and Reproduction

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