Risk Patterns Preceding Diagnosis Among Newly HIV-Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City

Drabkin, Anya S.; Sikkema, Kathleen J.; Wilson, Patrick A.; Meade, Christina S.; Hansen, Nathan B.; DeLorenzo, Allyson; Kochman, Arlene; MacFarlane, Jessica C.; Watt, Melissa H.; Aunon, Frances M.; Ranby, Krista W.; Mayer, Gal

doi:10.1089/apc.2012.0313

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Our findings are consistent with those from studies in other countries where HIV stigma, social discrimination, and perceived low HIV risk create barriers to HIV testing uptake; [35][36][37] and recent high risk behaviors (e.g., condomless anal sex), free and rapid testing techniques encourage testing. 36,38,39 Specific to work conducted to date with MSM in China, 3,29,30,[40][41][42] our findings similarly identify stigma and a poor understanding of HIV and transmission dynamics as a major factors in both testing as well as linkage and retention in HIV-care.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Qualitative Assessment of Barriers and Facilitators of Access to HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

Liu

Sun

Qian

et al. 2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Diagnosis of HIV is the entry point into the continuum of HIV care; a well-recognized necessary condition for the ultimate prevention of onward transmission. In China, HIV testing rates among men who have sex with men (MSM) are low compared to other high risk subgroups, yet experiences with HIV testing among MSM in China are not well understood. To address this gap and prepare for intervention development to promote HIV testing and rapid linkage to treatment, six focus groups (FGs) were conducted with MSM in Beijing (40 HIV-positive MSM participated in one of four FGs and 20 HIV-negative or status unknown MSM participated in one of two FGs). Major themes reported as challenges to HIV testing included stigma and discrimination related to HIV and homosexuality, limited HIV knowledge, inconvenient clinic times, not knowing where to get a free test, fear of positive diagnosis or nosocomial infection, perceived low service quality, and concerns/doubts about HIV services. Key facilitators included compensation, peer support, professionalism, comfortable testing locations, rapid testing, referral and support after diagnosis, heightened sense of risk through engagement in high-risk behaviors, sense of responsibility to protect self, family and partner support, and publicity via social media. Themes and recommendations were generally consistent across HIV-positive and negative/status unknown groups, although examples of enacted stigma were more prevalent in the HIV-positive groups. Findings from our study provide policy suggestions for how to bolster current HIV prevention intervention efforts to enhance 'test-and-treat' strategies for Chinese MSM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Qualitative Assessment of Barriers and Facilitators of Access to HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

Liu

Sun

Qian

et al. 2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In other countries, this problem persists. Research conducted in New York with 150 subjects newly diagnosed with HIV (95% gay, 3% bisexual men and 2% transgenders) showed that 79% of the sample claimed to have unprotected anal sex 20 . These data justifi ed the presence of condom use in the health SR of the subjects, since recognising unsafe sexual behaviours among people in the group and the vulnerability to STDs made them aware of the possibility of having safe sex (using a condom).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health of sexual minorities in north-eastern Brazil: representations, behaviours and obstacles

Garcia

Albuquerque

Drezett

et al. 2016

J. Hum. Growth Dev.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the social representations (SR) of health and major inequities, obstacles and challenges experienced by lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgenders regarding access to health services. Methods: This qualitative research was conducted with a group of sexual minorities recruited using the snowball technique. The data were organised according to Bardin and analysed from the perspective of SR. Results: Twelve gays, nine transvestites, six lesbians and three bisexuals participated. Most believed health to be the absence of disease and indicated the group's vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases. The search for health services was motivated by pathological symptoms or screening for sexually transmitted diseases. The diffi culties were related to the defi ciencies of the health service regarding prejudice. Conclusions:The study population showed reductionist health representations, sought health services under the curative perspective and faced challenges/obstacles when accessing health services.

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“…Previous evidence has demonstrated significant HIV risk behavior immediately preceding a new HIV diagnosis. 36 In our STD clinic, when individuals are identified as having behaviors associated with the highest risk class (i.e., a large number of partners, anonymous partners, alcohol and/or drug use during sex, etc. ), they receive more intensive counseling and education related to PrEP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Latent Class Analysis of Risk Factors for Acquiring HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Implications for Implementing Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Programs

Chan

Rose

Maher

et al. 2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for prescribing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV transmission are broad. In order to better characterize groups who may benefit most from PrEP, we reviewed demographics, behaviors, and clinical outcomes for individuals presenting to a publicly-funded sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic in Providence, Rhode Island, from 2012 to 2014. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify subgroups of men who have sex with men (MSM) at highest risk for contracting HIV. A total of 1723 individuals presented for testing (75% male; 31% MSM). MSM were more likely to test HIV positive than heterosexual men or women. Among 538 MSM, we identified four latent classes. Class 1 had the highest rates of incarceration (33%), forced sex (24%), but had no HIV infections. Class 2 had <5 anal sex partners in the previous 12 months, the lowest rates of drug/alcohol use during sex and lower HIV prevalence (3%). Class 3 had the highest prevalence of HIV (7%) and other STDs (16%), > 10 anal sex partners in the previous 12 months (69%), anonymous partners (100%), drug/alcohol use during sex (76%), and prior STDs (40%). Class 4 had similar characteristics and HIV prevalence as Class 2. In this population, MSM who may benefit most from PrEP include those who have >10 sexual partners per year, anonymous partners, drug/alcohol use during sex and prior STDs. LCA is a useful tool for identifying clusters of characteristics that may place individuals at higher risk for HIV infection and who may benefit most from PrEP in clinical practice.

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Risk Patterns Preceding Diagnosis Among Newly HIV-Diagnosed Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City

Cited by 15 publications

References 63 publications

Qualitative Assessment of Barriers and Facilitators of Access to HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

Qualitative Assessment of Barriers and Facilitators of Access to HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China

Health of sexual minorities in north-eastern Brazil: representations, behaviours and obstacles

A Latent Class Analysis of Risk Factors for Acquiring HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Implications for Implementing Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Programs

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