Risks related to the introduction of exotic diseases through importation of animals and animal products

Metcalf, H. E.; McElvaine, M D

doi:10.20506/rst.14.4.907

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Yet, with the exception of a 2011 outbreak in Bermuda and the 1997 outbreak in Taipei China, North America and Eastern Asia were free of FMD over the study period. Indeed, the USA has not experienced an FMD outbreak since 1929 (71), and Canada has not experienced an outbreak since 1952 (72). Others have reached similar findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot and mouth disease: the risks of the international trade in live animals

Shanafelt¹,

Perrings²

2017

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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The growth in world trade has generated significant benefits to humankind, but it has also generated costs. Among these is an increase in the dispersal of pests and pathogens across the globe. International trade has been implicated in outbreaks of several re-occurring livestock diseases. This paper is focused on the risk of foot and mouth disease (FMD) associated with the international trade in live animals. A model was used to estimate FMD risk as a function of the international trade in live animals, controlling for the biosecurity measures undertaken by importing and exporting countries, and for the presence of endemic FMD reservoirs. It was found that the indirect risks associated with exports may be as great as the direct risks associated with imports. For countries where livestock production occurs in disease-free zones (with or without vaccination), the trade risks vary with both species and trading partner. These findings may assist the targeting of disease risk mitigation activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot and mouth disease: the risks of the international trade in live animals

Shanafelt¹,

Perrings²

2017

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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“…Milk tankers have also been found to spread the virus (Metcalf and McElvaine, 1995;Donaldson 1997;Tomasula and Konstance, 2004). Inhaled aerosolized virus may also serve as cause infection (Alexandersen et al, 2003), ingestion of contaminated feed, fodder and the exposure of contaminated utensils which can lead to virus entry through skin wounds and mucosal barrier and hence spread the disease.…”

Section: Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot-and-Mouth Disease, an Economically Important Disease of Animals

Chakraborty¹

2014

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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“…Some of these mechanisms are now also being examined at the molecular level (147,182). There is a vast body of literature on the risk of domestic animal-wildlife interactions, resulting in the spread of animal regulatory diseases (15,19,21,34,36,93,98), and growing concern about risks associated with commonly found wildlife products (13,14,23,132). Aquatic animal health risk assessment is a growing field, with assessments published on wildlife interaction in fisheries (7), aquaculture facilities (20), fish translocation (62) and international trade (82), as well as shrimp farming (113) and basic aquatic animal health management and hygiene (150).…”

Section: Collaborative Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spread of pathogens through trade in wildlife

Travis¹,

Watson²,

Tauer³

2011

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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Discussions on diseases of wildlife have generally focused on two basic models: the effect of disease on wildlife, and the role that wildlife plays in diseases affecting people or domestic animal health, welfare, economics and trade. Traditionally, wildlife professionals and conservationists have focused on the former, while most human/animal health specialists have been concerned largely with the latter. Lately, the (re-)emergence of many high-profile infectious diseases in a world with ever-increasing globalisation has led to a more holistic approach in the assessment and mitigation of health risks involving wildlife (with a concurrent expansion of literature). In this paper, the authors review the role of wildlife in the ecology of infectious disease, the staggering magnitude of the movement of wild animals and products across international borders in trade, the pathways by which they move, and the growing body of risk assessments from a multitude of disciplines. Finally, they highlight existing recommendations and offer solutions for a collaborative way forward.

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Risks related to the introduction of exotic diseases through importation of animals and animal products

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Foot and mouth disease: the risks of the international trade in live animals

Foot and mouth disease: the risks of the international trade in live animals

Foot-and-Mouth Disease, an Economically Important Disease of Animals

The spread of pathogens through trade in wildlife

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