Risky Shift and Cautious Shift: Some Direct Evidence on the Culture-Value Theory

Hong, Lawrence K.

doi:10.2307/3033587

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Specifically, the sociocultural force dominant within China (i.e., Zhong Yong) drives Chinese individuals to seek the midpoint between two extreme views to achieve harmony from a holistic perspective (Yao et al, 2010); this cultural value may be amplified during group decision making due to the greater salience of collectivism (Hong, 1978).…”

Section: Cross-national Differences In Risky Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Cross-National Differences in Risk Through a Localized Cultural Perspective

Park

Kim

Zhang

2015

Cross-Cultural Research

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We examine cross-national differences in attitudes and decisions toward risk by comparing Chinese (collectivists), South Korean (collectivists, but with distinctive localized cultural norms), and Australian (individualists) undergraduate student samples from a balanced cross-cultural perspective. Individual evaluation revealed that risk was least favored by the Chinese students in their attitudes and choices, followed by the South Korean and Australian students. Unlike previous results from South Korean and Australian student samples that exhibited unique shifts toward risky choices indicative of group polarization, the Chinese students did not tend to take greater risks when making group versus individual decisions (i.e., risky shift). This was regardless of the group's gender composition, although the pattern did vary according to financially oriented risk domains. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of each country's indigenous sociocultural norms.

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Section: Cross-national Differences In Risky Shiftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Cross-National Differences in Risk Through a Localized Cultural Perspective

Park

Kim

Zhang

2015

Cross-Cultural Research

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“…12 The observation that the distribution of attitudes towards reciprocity is skewed towards the selfish direction is made, for example, in Ledyard (1995), Palfrey and Prisbey (1997), Brandts and Schram (2001), Fischbacher et al (2001), and Ambrus and Pathak (2012). 13 As Hong (1978) demonstrates, the cultural setting can also influence the direction of the shift. 14 In different contexts, particularly those in which groups are asked to form a political opinion, deliberation can lead to extremization of opinions (Manin, 2005;Sunstein, 2000Sunstein, , 2002, although it can also lead to depolarization of opinions (Burnstein, 1982;Ferguson and Vidmar, 1971).…”

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confidence: 96%

How individual preferences are aggregated in groups: An experimental study

Ambrus

Greiner

Pathak

2015

Journal of Public Economics

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a b s t r a c t JEL classification: C72 C92 H41 Keywords:Group decision-making Role of deliberation Social influence This paper experimentally investigates how individual preferences, through unrestricted deliberation, are aggregated into a group decision in two contexts: reciprocating gifts and choosing between lotteries. In both contexts, we find that median group members have a significant impact on the group decision, but the median is not the only influential group member. Non-median members closer to the median tend to have more influence than other members. By investigating the same individual's influence in different groups, we find evidence for relative position in the group having a direct effect on influence. These results are consistent with predictions from spatial models of dynamic bargaining, for members with intermediate levels of patience. We also find that group deliberation involves bargaining and compromise as well as persuasion: preferences tend to shift towards the choice of the individual's previous group, especially for those with extreme individual preferences.

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“…There are, nevertheless, some indirect indications that Americans may be more risk-seeking. Hong (1978) reported that, compared with Taiwanese, Americans were more likely to advise others to choose a risky option (e.g. an insecure job whose future can be very prosperous) over a safer alternative (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%