Riverbank filtration: Effect of ground passage on NOM character

Weiss, Wieland; Bouwer, Edward J.; Ball, William P.; O’Melia, Charles R.; Aboytes, Ramon; Speth, Thomas F.

doi:10.2166/aqua.2004.0007

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…In addition, these researchers believe that it is the content of AOC which correlates with the secondary bacterial growth and is a measure of the bacterial mass, while BDOC is a DOC fraction, which may be assimilated and mineralized by heterotrophic microorganisms [68]. In line with the data of [69] BDOC is a fraction of organic carbon, which may be mineralized by heterotrophic microorganisms. AOC is the fraction of total organic carbon (TOC) converted into the cellular mass by specific strains or the bacteria population.…”

Section: Role Of Natural Organic Compounds In the Formation Of The Qumentioning

confidence: 76%

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

Гончарук

2014

Drinking Water

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The relative critical overview of indicators, which set norms to the drinking water and are used as background for regulatory instruments of the USA, the EU, the WHO, Ukraine and Russia, has been revealed. The analytical review of current problems in drinking water preparation technology at centralized drinking water treatment plants has been delivered. The role of natural organic compounds of natural origin in drinking water quality has been revealed. The application of different technological measures to prepare high quality drinking water has been analysed and explained. The influence of condition of water distribution system on the drinking water quality has been evaluated. It has been cited the examples of modern technological systems of drinking water treatment. A new concept of supply the population with a quality drinking water has been introduced. It is based on representation the need to consume adequate water by a person, which is genetically safe, comprises no man induced alloys, and is characterized by occurrence of such natural substances and microelements that are easiest to digest for a body from water. KeywordsThe quality of drinking water · International regulatory instruments · Centralized drinking water treatment plants · Modern water treatment technologies · Man induced alloys, natural microelements · A new concept of supply the population with a quality drinking water Ecological and Hygienic Classification of Centralized Drinking Water Supply SourcesIn the Ukraine, the goal of creating and adhering to adequate quality and safety standards for drinking water is guaranteed by law. Legal documents such as the Water Code of Ukraine [1] and the Law of Ukraine "On drinking water and drinking water supply" [2] were written to uphold this goal. Codex found in these documents details a range of specific tasks centered around ecological, sanitary, and hygienic contents namely:• A complex development of interrelated regulatory documents (standards and norms) for ensuring an ecological and sanitary-hygienic safety practice in the field of use and protection of water and water resources;

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Section: Role Of Natural Organic Compounds In the Formation Of The Qumentioning

confidence: 76%

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

Гончарук

2014

Drinking Water

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“…Slow sand filtration removes NOM due to both biodegradation and adsorption [24,25]. Table 5 and Figure 3 present NOM levels, showing that during the first two weeks, the NOM in the effluent from F3 was less, but increased with time.…”

Section: Natural Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, two concrete filters were constructed inside the hydrology laboratory of the National Advanced School of Public Works in Yaoundé . The room temperature range was [23][24][25][26][27] o C. Filters were of the standard 1 m height and 0.3 m side dimensions.…”

Section: Filter Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Filtration Technology for Pathogen Reduction in Rural Water Supplies

Tellen

Nkeng

Dentel

2010

Water

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Intermittent bio-sand filtration (BSF) is a low-cost process for improving water quality in rural households. This study addresses its two drawbacks: flow limitations requiring excessive waiting, and inadequate purification when high flows are imposed. Two modifications were examined: increasing the sand's effective size, and adding zero-valent iron (ZVI) into the media as a disinfectant. After 65 days, percent reductions in total coliform, fecal coliform, and fecal streptococci averaged 98.9% for traditional BSF and 99% for the improved BSF. Both modifications showed statistically significant improvements. Increased sand size and ZVI addition can counter the drawbacks of traditional BSF.

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“…In addition, Weiss et al (2004) indicated that there were no consistent changes in the reactivity of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fractions with chlorine upon RBF, and the distribution of the chlorinated and brominated DBPs species between the river and well water had no significant difference either. Thus, the authors proposed that the reduction of DBP precursors appeared to be caused by the reduction of DOC concentration rather than a consistent change in NOM character.…”

Section: Combination Of Different Processesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Various studies have reported the NOM removal efficiencies of biofiltration, but most of them focused on the evaluation of existing systems (Gimbel et al, 2006;Grünheid et al, 2005;Weiss et al, 2004). Little effort was done to improve the biofiltration process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel chemical and biological pre-treatments to improve water quality in drinking water treatment

Liu¹

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Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous in surface water and the reactions between NOM and free chlorine can generate undesired disinfection by-products (DBPs). Therefore, an adequate degree of NOM removal is important for drinking water treatment plants (WTPs). Recently, the long-established approach of biofiltration applied as pre-treatment, including riverbank filtration (RBF) and slow sand filtration (SSL), has attracted attention for its relatively low cost and reliable performance in improving the quality of surface waters. Thus, the overall aim of this thesis is to gain in-depth understanding of NOM and DBP precursors removal during the biofiltration process and to develop approaches to improve the performance of the biofiltration.Firstly, a novel enhanced zero valent iron (ZVI) process that employs granular activated carbon as interspersed cathodes was evaluated as a pre-treatment step in drinking water production to remove NOM. Lab-scale batch tests indicated that, in the GAC enhanced-ZVI process, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV 254 ) were reduced by 61±3% and 70±2%, respectively, during 24 h treatment corresponding to 1.8 minutes empty bed contact time (EBCT).This process was superior to ZVI alone, GAC alone, and the sum of ZVI alone and GAC alone, confirming the synergic mechanism leading to increased iron dissolution rate. The dominant mechanism in terms of NOM removal during enhanced-ZVI was found to be coagulation following iron dissolution, while oxidation was occurring to a lesser degree, converting some nonbiodegradable into biodegradable DOC (BDOC). Therefore, the enhanced-ZVI process has the potential to improve biodegradation in a subsequent biofiltration step.Then, the long-term performance of the enhanced-ZVI process and its synergy with the subsequent biofiltration were investigated. Lab-scale flow-through experiments showed that, after 10,000-bed volumes, the enhanced-ZVI bed became passivated. However, sulphuric acid was able to regenerate the passivated enhanced-ZVI bed, recover the capacity of enhanced-ZVI in removing NOM, and hence make the best use of the available ZVI. The acidic rinsing solution containing dissolved iron was suitable as a supplemental source of iron for coagulation. In addition, during the long-term experiments, the biofilters (6 mins EBCT) following enhanced-ZVI (1.8 mins EBCT) removed more NOM than biofilters without any pre-treatment. This could be explained by the formation of BDOC during the enhanced-ZVI process and the precipitation of iron in the biofilters. Based on these findings, a novel water treatment train, incorporating enhanced-ZVI with periodical regeneration, biofiltration, and coagulation/filtration, was proposed and evaluated.ii Lab-scale biofiltration experiments (with 6 days hydraulic retention time (HRT)) were conducted with raw water from a water treatment plant, and the results showed that biodegradation is the main NOM removal mechanism for biofiltration. With the consumption of dissolved o...

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Riverbank filtration: Effect of ground passage on NOM character

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

Improved Filtration Technology for Pathogen Reduction in Rural Water Supplies

Novel chemical and biological pre-treatments to improve water quality in drinking water treatment

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