Riverine and marine ecotypes of Sotalia dolphins are different species

Lailson‐Brito, José; Fragoso, Ana Bernadete Lima

doi:10.1007/s00227-005-0078-2

Cited by 102 publications

(123 citation statements)

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“…The taxonomy of dolphins also is complex. For example, some consider the Amazonian Tucuxi dolphin (Sotalia fluviatilis) to be two species (33,34). Obviously, as taxonomic knowledge improves, one would expect changes in the overall distribution patterns we describe.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and conservation of marine mammals

Pompa

Ehrlich

Ceballos

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

157

123

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The undersigned authors note the following: "We wish to bring to your attention an issue regarding our PNAS publication referenced above. Although we cite our earlier PNAS publication (see ref. Figs. 2 and 3 display the UWHBs for Hb β-subunit (pdb.1bz0, chain B) and human cellular prion protein (pdb.1qm0) (12)(13)(14). Within the natural interactive context of the Hb subunit, the UWHBs signal crucial binding regions (24): UWHBs (90, 94), (90, 95) are associated with the β-FG corner involved in the quaternary α1β2 interface; UWHB (5, 9) is adjacent to Glu-6 which in sickle cell anemia mutates to Val-6 and is located at the Val-6-(Phe-85, Leu-88) interface in the deoxyHbS fiber."The following text in the section titled 'Toward a Structural Diagnosis' on page 6449 of our text is similar to the text beginning in the last paragraph on page 2392 in ref. 23:The distribution of proteins according to their average extent of hydrogen bond wrapping and their spatial concentration of structural defects is shown in Fig. 5 (see also ref. 23). The sample of 2,811 PDB proteins is large enough to define a reliable abundance distribution with an inflection point at ρ = 6.20. The integration of the distribution over a ρ-interval gives the fraction of proteins whose ρ lies within that range. Of the 2,811 proteins examined, 2,572 have ρ > 6.20, and none of them is known to yield amyloid aggregation under physiological conditions entailing partial retention of structure. Strikingly, relatively few disease-related amyloidogenic proteins are known in the sparsely populated, underwrapped 3.5 < ρ < 6.20 range, with the cellular prion proteins located at the extreme of the spectrum (3.53 < ρ < 3.72)....The range of H-bond wrapping 3.5 < ρ < 4.6 of 20 sampled PDB membrane proteins has been included in Fig. 5 for comparison. As expected, such proteins do not have the stringent H-bond packing requirements of soluble proteins for their H bonds at the lipid interface. Thus, this comparison becomes suggestive in terms of elucidating the driving factor for aggregation in soluble proteins: Although the UWHB constitutes a structural defect in a soluble protein because of its vulnerability to water attack, it is not a structural defect in a membrane protein. The exposure of the polar amide and carbonyl of the unbound state to a nonpolar phase is thermodynamically unfavorable (22). The virtually identical ρ value for human prion and outer-membrane protein A (Fig. 5) is revealing in this regard.Furthermore, all known amyloidogenic proteins that occur naturally in complexed form have sufficient H-bond wrapping within their respective complexes (ρ value near 6.2). Their amyloidogenic propensity appears only under conditions in which the protein is dissociated from the complex (compare Fig. 5). This finding is corroborated by the following computation. If an intramolecular hydrogen bond is underwrapped within the isolated protein molecule but located at an interface upon complexation, then to determine its extent of wrapping within the complex, we take ...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global distribution and conservation of marine mammals

Pompa

Ehrlich

Ceballos

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

157

123

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“…They occur exclusively in western Atlantic coastal waters of South (franciscana and Guiana dolphins) and Central (Guiana dolphins) America (Cunha et al, 2005;Secchi et al, 2003). Due to their nearshore distribution, these dolphin species are especially vulnerable to the effects of human activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High accumulation of PCDD, PCDF, and PCB congeners in marine mammals from Brazil: A serious PCB problem

Dorneles

Sanz

Eppe

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

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• Dioxin-like PCBs accounted for over 83% of the total TEQ for all cetaceans • Negative correlations were found between length and TEQ values in franciscanas.• PCB concentrations found are among the highest ever reported for cetaceans. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Blubber samples from three delphinid species (false killer whale, Guiana and rough-toothed dolphin), as well as liver samples from franciscana dolphins were analyzed for dioxins and related compounds (DRCs). Samples were collected from 35 cetaceans stranded or incidentally captured in a highly industrialized and urbanized area (Southeast and Southern Brazilian regions). Dioxin-like PCBs accounted for over 83% of the total TEQ for all cetaceans. Non-ortho coplanar PCBs, for franciscanas (82%), and mono-ortho PCBs (up to 80%), for delphinids, constituted the groups of highest contribution to total TEQ. Regarding franciscana dolphins, significant negative correlations were found between total length (TL) and three variables, ΣTEQ-DRCs, ΣTEQ-PCDF and ΣTEQ non-ortho PCB. An increasing efficiency of the detoxifying activity with the growth of the animal may be a plausible explanation for these findings. This hypothesis is reinforced by the significant negative correlation found between TL and PCB126/PCB169 concentration ratio. DRC concentrations (ng/g lipids) varied from 36 to 3006, for franciscana dolphins, as well as from 356 to 30,776, for delphinids. The sum of dioxin-like and indicator PCBs varied from 34,662 to 279,407 ng/g lipids, for Guiana dolphins from Rio de Janeiro state, which are among the highest PCB concentrations ever reported for cetaceans. The high concentrations found in our study raise concern not only on the conservation of Brazilian coastal cetaceans, but also on the possibility of human health problem due to consumption of fish from Brazilian estuaries.

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“…The genus Sotalia (Gray, 1866) was until recently considered monospecific, however recent molecular genetics (Cunha et al, 2005;Caballero et al, 2007), and geometric morphometric (Monteiro-Filho et al, 2002) studies revealed the existence of two species: the marine species Sotalia guianensis (P.J. van Bénéden, 1864) (gray dolphin) and the riverine species Sotalia fluviatilis (Gervais, 1853) (tucuxi).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-metric characters in two species of Sotalia (Gray, 1866) (Cetacea, Delphinidae)

2009

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Analyses of non-metric characters of the skull and cervical vertebrae were performed among samples of dolphins of the genus Sotalia from the north, northeast and south Brazilian coast (S. guianensis) and also samples from the Amazon River Basin (S. fluviatilis) as part of an osteological descriptive study. The results demonstrated that there was a higher percentage of occurrence of fenestrae in the occipital region (66%) and cervical ribs in the cervical vertebrae (87%) in the riverine species. The vomer in wide shape was more frequent in the riverine species (57%), followed by the intermediate (32%) and narrow shape (11%), that was found to be more frequent in the marine species (66 to 76%). In relation to the lacerate anterior foramen, it was observed that an open/elongated shape is more common in the riverine species (88%). Most samples in the marine species present this foramen divided by a spike shaped projection (72 to 98%). The ventrally visible location of the hypoglossal foramen was more often observed externally displaced in S. guianensis (88 to 98%), while in S. fluviatilis, most samples (87%) presented this foramen internally displaced to the jugular notch, and not visible in ventral view. The fluvial species seems to present neoteny (or maintenance of juvenile characters in adults) in relation to the position of the pterygoids and in development of lacerate anterior foramen.Keywords: Morphology, Sotalia, osteology, skull, cervical vertebrae. Caracteres não métricos nas duas espécies de Sotalia (Gray, 1866) ResumoEste é um trabalho osteológico descritivo entre exemplares do gênero Sotalia da costa Norte, Nordeste e Sul do Brasil e exemplares fluviais da bacia amazônica, analisando caracteres não métricos no crânio e nas vértebras cervicais. A frequência de ocorrência de fenestras na região occipital (66%) e de costelas cervicais (87 %) foi maior na espécie fluvial (S. fluviatilis). Na espécie fluvial, a forma do vômer largo foi mais frequente (57%), seguida da forma intermediária (32%) e estreita (11%). A forma do vômer estreito foi mais frequente na espécie marinha (S. guianensis) (66 a 76%). Em relação ao forâmen lacerado anterior, foi observado que a forma aberta/alongada é mais comum na espécie fluvial (88%). Na espécie marinha, a maioria dos exemplares apresenta este forâmen dividido por uma projeção em forma de espinho (72 a 98%). A localização do forâmen hipoglossal visível ventralmente foi mais observada em S. guianensis (88 a 98%), enquanto que em S. fluviatilis, a maioria dos exemplares (87%) apresentou este forâmen deslocado internamente à reentrância jugular, não podendo ser observado em vista ventral. A espécie fluvial parece apresentar neotenia (ou manutenção de caracteres juvenis no adulto) em relação ao posicionamento dos pterigoides e ao desenvolvimento do forâmen lacerado interior.

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Riverine and marine ecotypes of Sotalia dolphins are different species

Cited by 102 publications

References 47 publications

Global distribution and conservation of marine mammals

Global distribution and conservation of marine mammals

High accumulation of PCDD, PCDF, and PCB congeners in marine mammals from Brazil: A serious PCB problem

Non-metric characters in two species of Sotalia (Gray, 1866) (Cetacea, Delphinidae)

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