RNA sequence analysis of dermal papilla cells’ regeneration in 3D culture

Abstract

It is well known that dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are crucial for hair follicle growth and regeneration. However, dermal papilla cells in 2D culture could lose their ability of regeneration after several passage intervals. As opposed to DPCs in 2D culture, the DPCs in 3D culture could passage extensively. However, the molecular mechanisms of DPCs’ regeneration in 3D culture remain unclear. Accordingly, gene sequencing is recommended for the investigation of hair regeneration between 2D and 3D culture, the three groups were established including DPCs in passage 2 in 2D culture, DPCs in passage 8 in 2D culture and DPCs in passage 8 in 3D culture. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the Venn diagram of these three groups, which included 1642 known and 359 novel genes, respectively. A total of 1642 known genes were used for Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Gene, Genomic Encyclopedia (KEGG) pathway enrichment and protein‐protein interaction (PPI) analyses, respectively. The functions and pathways of DEGs were enriched in biological regulation, signal transduction and immune system, etc. The key module and the top 10 hub genes (IL1B, CXCL12, HGF, EGFR, APP, CCL2, PTGS2, MMP9, NGF and SPP1) were also identified using the Cytoscape application. Furthermore, the qRT‐PCR results of the three groups validated that the hub genes were crucial for hair growth. In conclusion, the ten identified hub genes and related pathways in the current study can be used to understand the molecular mechanism of hair growth, and those provided a possibility for hair regeneration.

Application of multi-omics techniques to androgenetic alopecia: Current status and perspectives

“…Some studies have shown that 3D spherical culture could partially restore the full transcriptional characteristics of DPCs [59] , [60] . In 2021, Zhang et al compared the AGA-related genes and pathways between 2D and 3D cultured DPCs with DHT treatment under high-flux RNA-Seq, and uncovered 501 overlapping DEGs, 10 key genes, chemokines, and related pathways in DPCs cultured in the two models, indicating that chemokines and IL-17 pathways may be related to AGA.…”

The Roles of Non-coding RNA in the Development and Regeneration of Hair Follicles: Current Status and Further Perspectives

“…Dermal papilla cells cultured in 3D regain their ability to induce HF formation, unlike those cultured in 2D. However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unclear ( Lin et al, 2020c ). Recently, Lin et al found that Xist, Shh and Shh-associated genes (e.g., Gli family zinc finger 1 and 2) were upregulated, while miRNA-424 was downregulated, in 3D DPC cultures.…”