RNA sequencing reveals dynamic expression of spleen lncRNAs and mRNAs in Beagle dogs infected by Toxocara canis

Xu, Yue; Zheng, Wei; Li, Haoyu; Cai, Lang; Zou, Yang; Xie, Shi-Chen; Zhu, Xingquan; Elsheikha, Hany M.

doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05380-x

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…It can be shown that dynamic balances between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses, and immuno-suppressive and modulatory effects induced by T. canis infection, and the innate and adaptive immune response of the puppies against T. canis infection. These findings supported earlier findings that the dynamic balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses mediates the growth of T. canis in the definitive canine host [ 11 , 12 ]. However, at 24 hpi, most of the DEmiRNAs regarding immune response were downregulated, suggesting that immune activity against T. canis infection may be attenuated in puppies at this stage of infection, whereas at 96 hpi when T. canis appeared in the lungs of puppies, and at 36 dpi when T. canis settles in the intestinal tract after completion of tracheal migration, the host’s immune response against T. canis infection and mild parasite suppression essentially reached a dynamic balance, especially at 36 dpi.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Each group of Beagle puppies came from the same litter to reduce background differences, including three infected puppies and three control puppies. Procedures regarding infection, anesthesia, euthanasia, and spleen acquisition and storage were described in a previous study [ 11 ]. Briefly, Beagle puppies in the infected and control groups were orally infected with 300 embryonated T. canis eggs and equal amounts of saline, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spleen is the site of settlement of T cells and B cells and has a wide scope of immunological functions [ 10 ]. Therefore, in our previous study, we used RNA-seq to identify significant alterations in the expression patterns of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Beagle puppies’ spleen to reveal the role of differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in the spleen after T. canis infection [ 11 ]. Nevertheless, little is known about the changes of miRNA expression in dog splenic response to T. canis infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Spleen miRNA Expression Profile of Beagle Dogs Infected with Toxocara canis

Cai

et al. 2022

Animals

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Toxocara canis is an unnoticed zoonotic helminth that causes severe disease in animals and humans. The spleen has a wide range of immunological functions in protecting the host against infection by many pathogens, but the function of the spleen in T. canis infection is still to be clarified, especially for the role of spleen microRNAs (miRNAs). In this study, deep sequencing of spleen RNA samples of 18 Beagle puppies was conducted to uncover the miRNAs expression profiling at 24 h post-infection (hpi), 96 hpi, and 36 days post infection (dpi). A total of 20, 34, and 19 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified at 24 hpi, 96 hpi, and 36 dpi, respectively. These DEmiRNAs (e.g., cfa-miR-206, cfa-miR-331, and cfa-miR-339) could play critical roles in Beagle puppies against T. canis infection, such as influencing inflammatory and immune-related cells and cytokines, by regulating target genes that are tightly associated with host immune function and enriched in immune response and immune pathways based on GO annotation and KEGG enrichment analysis. The current study discovered marked alterations of spleen miRNAs after T. canis infection, with potential effects on the pathogenesis of toxocariasis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Spleen miRNA Expression Profile of Beagle Dogs Infected with Toxocara canis

Cai

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…The recent advances in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of T. canis infection in dogs has been facilitated by the application of high-throughput ‘omics’ approaches, including transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics [ 9 ]. For example, previous transcriptomic analysis allowed the identification of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) differentially expressed in the spleen [ 10 ] and lung [ 11 ] of Beagle dogs during T. canis infection. LncRNAs are cellular RNA transcripts with a length of > 200 nt [ 12 ] and regulate gene expression through a variety of mechanisms [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the liver of Beagle dogs by Toxocara canis infection

et al. 2023

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Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating various physiological and pathological processes. However, the role of lncRNAs and mRNAs in mediating the liver response during Toxocara canis infection remains incompletely understood. Methods In the present study, the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs was investigated in the liver of Beagle dogs infected by T. canis using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Results Compared with the control groups, 876 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 288 DEmRNAs were identified at 12 h post-infection (hpi), 906 DElncRNAs and 261 DEmRNAs were identified at 24 hpi, and 876 DElncRNAs and 302 DEmRNAs were identified at 36 days post-infection (dpi). A total of 16 DEmRNAs (e.g. dpp4, crp and gnas) were commonly identified at the three infection stages. Enrichment and co-localization analyses identified several pathways involved in immune and inflammatory responses during T. canis infection. Some novel DElncRNAs, such as LNC_015756, LNC_011050 and LNC_011052, were also associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Also, LNC_005105 and LNC_005401 were associated with the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, which may play a role in the healing of liver pathology at the late stage of infection. Conclusions Our data provided new insight into the regulatory roles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the pathogenesis of T. canis and improved our understanding of the contribution of lncRNAs and mRNAs to the immune and inflammatory response of the liver during T. canis infection. Graphical Abstract

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“…At present, there are increasing reports of the involvement of regulatory players in modulating the expression of genes at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational and post-translation levels (Sudmant et al, 2015; Xu et al, 2022; Zhai et al, 2020) in different species and diseases state (Morenikeji et al, 2020; Tucker et al, 2021). Such regulatory players include long non-coding RNAs, micro RNAs and transcription factors (TF).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analyses of differentially expressed genes, micro RNAs and long-non-coding RNAs in severe, symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infection

Oboh

Morenikeji

Ojurongbe

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Malaria transmission and endemicity in Africa remains hugely disproportionate compared to the rest of the world. The complex life cycle of P. falciparum (Pf) between the vertebrate human host and the anopheline vector results in differential expression of genes within and between hosts. An in-depth understanding of Pf interaction with various human genes through regulatory elements will pave way for identification of additional tool in the arsenal for malaria control. Therefore, the regulatory elements (REs) involved in the over- or under-expression of various host immune genes hold a key to alternative control measures that can be applied for prompt diagnosis and treatment. Methods: We carried out an RNAseq analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and network analysis of non-coding RNAs and target genes associated with immune response in individuals with different clinical outcomes. Raw RNAseq datasets, retrieved for analyses include individuals with severe (Gambia - 20), symptomatic (Burkina Faso - 15), asymptomatic (Mali - 16) malaria as well as uninfected controls (Tanzania - 20; Mali - 36). Results: Of the total 107 datasets retrieved, we identified 5534 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among disease and control groups. A peculiar pattern of DEGs was observed, with individuals presenting with severe/symptomatic malaria having the highest and most diverse upregulated genes, while a reverse phenomenon was recorded among the asymptomatic and uninfected individuals. In addition, we identified 141 differentially expressed (DE) miRNA, of which 78 and 63 were upregulated and downregulated respectively. Interactome analysis revealed a moderate interaction between DEGs and miRNAs. Of all identified miRNA, five were unique (hsa-mir-32, hsa-mir-25, hsa-mir-221, hsa-mir-29 and hsa-mir-148) because of their connectivity to several genes, including hsa-mir-221 connected to 16 genes. Six-hundred and eight DE lncRNA were identified, including SLC7A11, LINC01524 among the upregulated ones. Conclusion: Our study provides important insights into host immune genes undergoing differential expression under different malaria conditions. It also identified unique miRNAs and lncRNAs that modify and/or regulate the expression of various immune genes. These regulatory elements, we surmise have the potential to serve a diagnostic purpose in discriminating between individuals with severe/symptomatic malaria and those with asymptomatic infection or uninfected.

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RNA sequencing reveals dynamic expression of spleen lncRNAs and mRNAs in Beagle dogs infected by Toxocara canis

Cited by 5 publications

References 78 publications

Differential Spleen miRNA Expression Profile of Beagle Dogs Infected with Toxocara canis

Differential Spleen miRNA Expression Profile of Beagle Dogs Infected with Toxocara canis

Modulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the liver of Beagle dogs by Toxocara canis infection

Transcriptomic analyses of differentially expressed genes, micro RNAs and long-non-coding RNAs in severe, symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infection

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