RNAi in Transgenic Plants

Yin, Yanhai; Chory, Joanne; Baulcombe, David C.

doi:10.1002/0471142727.mb2606s72

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…RNAi silencing is a useful technique to characterize gene function; however, this approach may not generate clear phenotypes due to the threshold level needed for effective silencing (Lindbo et al ). RNAi target genes generally have reduced expression rather than being fully silenced (Yin et al ), thus sufficient transcript may remain to maintain wild type function. This partial reduction in gene expression was seen in HvMS1RNAi silencing (Fernández Gómez and Wilson 2014), where pollen development was affected by the silencing and showed a partial sterile phenotype.…”

Section: New Tools For Translation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anther and pollen development: A conserved developmental pathway

Gómez

Talle

Wilson

2015

JIPB

251

194

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Pollen development is a critical step in plant development that is needed for successful breeding and seed formation. Manipulation of male fertility has proved a useful trait for hybrid breeding and increased crop yield. However, although there is a good understanding developing of the molecular mechanisms of anther and pollen anther development in model species, such as Arabidopsis and rice, little is known about the equivalent processes in important crops. Nevertheless the onset of increased genomic information and genetic tools is facilitating translation of information from the models to crops, such as barley and wheat; this will enable increased understanding and manipulation of these pathways for agricultural improvement.

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Section: New Tools For Translation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anther and pollen development: A conserved developmental pathway

Gómez

Talle

Wilson

2015

JIPB

251

194

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“…This complete sterility may be due to the increased transgene copy number in the T1 generation, increasing the silencing capacity beyond the required threshold level (Lindbo et al, 1993). This is a common occurrence, with RNAi lines frequently showing reductions in expression 'knocked down', rather than complete silencing 'knockouts' of the target gene (Yin et al, 2005). For example, (Moritoh et al, 2005) reported that in rice RNAi silencing of the OsGEN-like gene, a member of the RAD2/XPG nuclease family involved in microspore development, caused male sterility, but plants showed variable fertility depending on the expression level of the native gene.…”

Section: The Hvms1 Gene Plays a Critical Role In Pollen Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A barleyPHDfinger transcription factor that confers male sterility by affecting tapetal development

Gómez

Wilson

2014

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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SummaryControlling pollen development is of major commercial importance in generating hybrid crops and selective breeding, but characterized genes for male sterility in crops are rare, with no current examples in barley. However, translation of knowledge from model species is now providing opportunities to understand and manipulate such processes in economically important crops. We have used information from regulatory networks in Arabidopsis to identify and functionally characterize a barley PHD transcription factor MALE STERTILITY1 (MS1), which expresses in the anther tapetum and plays a critical role during pollen development. Comparative analysis of Arabidopsis, rice and Brachypodium genomes was used to identify conserved regions in MS1 for primer design to amplify the barley MS1 gene; RACE-PCR was subsequently used to generate the full-length sequence. This gene shows anther-specific tapetal expression, between late tetrad stage and early microspore release. HvMS1 silencing and overexpression in barley resulted in male sterility. Additionally, HvMS1 cDNA, controlled by the native Arabidopsis MS1 promoter, successfully complemented the homozygous ms1 Arabidopsis mutant. These results confirm the conservation of MS1 function in higher plants and in particular in temperate cereals. This has provided the first example of a characterized male sterility gene in barley, which presents a valuable tool for the future control of male fertility in barley for hybrid development.

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“…Waterhouse's group showed that 98 to 853 bp hairpin RNA constructs can cause efficient silencing in different plant species, and inclusion of an intron as a spacer between the inverted repeats can improve the efficiency to 90%-100% of transgenic lines showing silencing [142] . Several vector systems have been developed to make constructs containing inverted repeats for expressing dsRNA in transgenic plants, such as ChromDB, Hellsgate, pHANNIBAL, pX7-RNAi and alcR-RNAi, and these have been reviewed by Yin et al [143]…”

Section: Gene Silencing: Discovery and Applications Of Antisense Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Plant genetic engineering and genetically modified crop breeding: history and current status

Wang¹,

Chang²,

Lü³

et al. 2017

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

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This review charts the major developments in the genetic manipulation of plant cells that have taken place since the first gene transfer experiments using Ti plasmids in 1983. Tremendous progress has been made in both our scientific understanding and technological capabilities since the first genetically modified (GM) crops were developed with single gene resistances to herbicides, insects, viruses, and the silencing of undesirable genes. Despite opposition in some parts of the world, the area planted with first generation GM crops has grown from 1.7 Mhm 2 in 1996 to 179.7 Mhm 2 in 2015. The toolkit available for genetic modification has expanded greatly since 1996 and recently Nobel Laureates have called on Greenpeace to end their blanket opposition, and plant scientists have urged that consideration be given to the benefits of GM crops based on actual evidence. It is now possible to use GM to breed new crop cultivars resistant to a much wider range of pests and diseases, and to produce crops better able to adapt to climate change. The advent of new CRISPR-based technologies makes it possible to contemplate a much wider range of improvements based on transfer of new metabolic pathways and traits to improve nutritional quality, with a much greater degree of precision. Use of GM, sometimes in conjunction with other approaches, offers great opportunities for improving food quality, safety, and security in a changing world.

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RNAi in Transgenic Plants

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

Anther and pollen development: A conserved developmental pathway

Anther and pollen development: A conserved developmental pathway

A barleyPHDfinger transcription factor that confers male sterility by affecting tapetal development

Plant genetic engineering and genetically modified crop breeding: history and current status

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