Roadmap on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite semiconductors and devices

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites are the first solution processed semiconductors that can compete in their functionality with conventional semiconductors, such as silicon. Over the past several years, perovskite semiconductors have reported breakthroughs in various optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, photodetectors, light emitting and memory devices, and so on. Until now, perovskite semiconductors face challenges regarding their stability, reproducibility, and toxicity. In this Roadmap, we combine the expertise of chemistry, physics, and device engineering from leading experts in the perovskite research community to focus on the fundamental material properties, the fabrication methods, characterization and photophysical properties, perovskite devices, and current challenges in this field. We develop a comprehensive overview of the current state-of-the-art and offer readers an informed perspective of where this field is heading and what challenges we have to overcome to get to successful commercialization.

Advanced Halide Scintillators: From the Bulk to Nano

“…The certified efficiency of perovskite solar cells has increased drastically to over 25% and can now compete in this respect with Si technology. [ 290 ]…”

Insights into the evaporation behaviour of FAI: material degradation and consequences for perovskite solar cells

“…In the last decade, metal halide perovskites have become a promising candidate for the next generation of solar cells 1 with their low fabrication cost, 2 and exceptional optoelectronic properties, like the tunable bandgap, 3 high absorption across a wide spectral range, 4 low recombination 5 and high charge carrier mobility. 6,7 With record power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) continuously rising 8 and new areas of application being developed, 9 the interest of researchers is unbroken.…”

High-performance perovskite solar cells resulting from large perovskite grain size enabled by the urea additive

“…1–5 As a consequence of the rapid development of materials and device manufacturing, the PCE of photovoltaic cells has risen from 3.8% to 25.7% within just eleven years. 6–15 In order to further push the performance and stability forward, various key factors that affect the properties of perovskite films like the deposition method, crystallization behaviour, the reactant components and additive engineering should be paid special attention. 16–20 Addition of CsI to the PbI 2 precursor solution has been proved to significantly enhance the morphology of the perovskite film along with the stability of the device owing to the decelerated crystallization kinetics and selective crystallographic orientation.…”