Robot assisted knee surgery

Robotic Long Bone Fracture Reduction

“…Most medical robotics use force only as a monitored component for safety purposes. There are a few applications such as the active constraint (Ho et al, 1995) and for skin harvesting (Dombre et al, 2003) which have incorporated force into the core control however much work is left to be done here to allow safe and compliant interaction between man and machine. For the proposed scheme here it has been suggested that treating the robot as a partner is important rather than a tool.…”

“…Lastly shared control puts the human as a virtual presence in the system and can result in more autonomy. Although there are many other definitions for control schemes such as adjustable autonomy (Goodrich et al, 2007), tele-operation with safeguard (Krotkov et al, 1996) and control with active constraint (Ho et al, 1995), the previously mentioned terminology will be used as they cover the range of implementations. Most robotic applications use a form of supervisory control where the robot will enact human commands with various levels of autonomy depending on the complexity of the task.…”

“…Gentle reduction also can lower the discomfort and pain experienced by the patient from the perineal post positioned between the groin to provide counter force for reduction. Replacing the manual control with a robotic device does raise safety questions for the patient and to solve this mechanical fuses have been used (Warisawa et al, 2004;Masamune et al, 2001) along with monitoring force in various forms to slow or prevent action (Davies et al 2000;Ho et al, 1995;Taylor et al, 1994;Paul et al, 1992). Robot patient registration should be non-invasive and avoid the use of fiducials which can lead to patient discomfort (Howe & Matsuoka, 1999;Cinquin et al 1995).…”

Performance Evaluation of a Cooperative Manipulation Microsurgical Assistant Robot Applied to Stapedotomy

“…Recently developed robotic assistant devices offer the possibility of extending human performance to permit fine manipulation tasks that are normally considered difficult orimpossible [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. The "steady-hand" robot employed in these experiments cooperatively assists a surgeon to manipulate microsurgical tools [9].…”

Robot‐Assisted Stapedotomy: Micropick Fenestration of the Stapes Footplate

“…Passive devices are useful in setting limits for safety and precision. 8 Active devices, such as the Steady Hand (SH) robot, described herein, function as an integrated component of the surgical procedure and thus directly affect fine manipulation tasks. They are useful for selectively amplifying (or reducing) elements of human motor and sensory performance.…”