“…Six strong diffraction lines were observed at 2 θ ∼19.0°, 31.3°, 38.5°, 44.8°, 59.3°, and 65.2°, which correspond to the planes (111), (220), (311), (400), (511) and (440) of cubic Co 3 O 4 in the Fd -3 m (227) space group (JCPDS #42-1467). 52,53 Furthermore, due to the significant dispersion of manganese ions throughout the cobalt framework, no reflections corresponding to MnO x species ( e.g. MnO, Mn 2 O 3 , MnO 2 , etc. )…”