Robust and Fragile Medical Image Watermarking: A Joint Venture of Coding and Chaos Theories

Rahman, Atta; Sultan, Kiran; Musleh, Dhiaa; Aldhafferi, Nahier; Alqahtani, Abdullah; Mahmud, Maqsood

doi:10.1155/2018/8137436

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…where W and W represents the original and extracted watermark respectively while M and N denotes the size of watermark [36][37][38].…”

Section: Watermark and Original Image Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust and fragile watermarking for medical images using redundant residue number system and chaos

Naseem¹,

Qureshi²,

Rahman³

et al. 2020

NNW

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This research discusses a novel watermarking scheme using redundant residue number system and chaos. The salient feature of said research is that image remains fragile while the watermark information is made robust. Image pixels are converted into residues so that the unaided eye could not see the image contents. To make the image invisible to the unaided eye, only the ROI part of image is passed through the Residue Number System thus, to enhance the secrecy of the image. While converting the ROI part of image into residues, there are some residues which exceed eight bits so, these residues are converted to exact eight bits by pertaining some intelligent mechanism. To achieve the robustness of watermark, firstly redundant residues of watermark are made and then the resultant watermark is encoded through error correcting codes. To achieve the fragility of image, hashing technique is utilized. Hash of the entire image but with the residued ROI is combined with the encoded and redundant residued watermark and then resultant watermark is embedded in the Region of non-interest (RONI) zone of native image rooted on the chaotic key in order to enhance the security of the watermark. In case of no tampering, fragile watermark can be successfully recovered as well as exact recovery of the original image but if the image is attacked, the fragile watermark is destroyed while the robust watermark is extracted with better readability.

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“…where W and W represents the original and extracted watermark respectively while M and N denotes the size of watermark [36][37][38].…”

Section: Watermark and Original Image Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust and fragile watermarking for medical images using redundant residue number system and chaos

Naseem¹,

Qureshi²,

Rahman³

et al. 2020

NNW

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show abstract

“…The above computation shows that the maximum value that can fit in the 8 bits in the plane is 255 whereas the smallest value was 0. Modification of the 8 bit-plane results in the alteration of the pixel values in accordance with table 1 below [12]. When the alteration pixel value is minimal, the quality of the image was maintained at a very high value.…”

Section: The Image Bit-planementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining six bits are altered so that they can directly integrate the initial pixels. The approach creates high caliber watermarked images [12]. The embedding process commences with the preference of two bit-planes, i.e., 1 to 8, which are then denoted as ( ).…”

Section: Dual Intermediate Significant Bit (Disb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined DWT-DISB based image watermarking optimized for decision making problems

Mohammed

Al-Fatlawi²,

Kamil³

2019

PEN

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“…A digital watermarking system comprises three basic aspects: the generation of the watermark, the embedded process, and the extraction of the watermark. The imperceptibility and robustness are required in digital watermarking through the analysis of the image host and the embedded point selection [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital watermarking image using three-level discrete wavelet transform under attacking noise

et al. 2022

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The authentication, identification, and copyright protection can be obtained by constructing the digital image watermarking technique. Watermark robustness and imperceptibility account for the capability of the hidden watermark to survive the manipulation. The proposed paper is a robust algorithm for digital image watermarking with 3-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with some attacks method. The 3-level DWT method was used constants α=0.01 and 0.03 as a function of how depth the watermark inserts to the host image in the insertion and extraction process. The algorithm was evaluated using 8 bits per pixel (bpp) grayscale, 1024x1024 pixels for the host image, and 256x256 pixels for the watermark image. The method is also implemented some experimental with attacks such as gaussian, salt and pepper, blurring, and compression. The algorithm is relatively acceptable of good quality, achieves low-value mean squared error (MSE), high peak signals to noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index metric (SSIM) value approach to 1. It is found that the highest image quality measurements by using α=0.03 with the attacking method of salt and pepper yield MSE=0.01, PSNR=45.6 dB and SSIM=0.95, respectively.

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Robust and Fragile Medical Image Watermarking: A Joint Venture of Coding and Chaos Theories

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Robust and fragile watermarking for medical images using redundant residue number system and chaos

Robust and fragile watermarking for medical images using redundant residue number system and chaos

Combined DWT-DISB based image watermarking optimized for decision making problems

Digital watermarking image using three-level discrete wavelet transform under attacking noise

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