“…In transform domain watermarking, prior to embedding the watermark, transformation such as discrete Fourier transform (DFT) [32][33][34][35][36], discrete-cosine transform (DCT) [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45], discrete-wavelet transform (DWT) [9,22,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65], dual tree complex wavelet transform (DTCWT) [66][67][68], contourlet [69][70][71][72], or singular value decomposition (SVD) [44,47,49,52,[73][74][...…”