Robust Design of Bimetallic ZnO Nanofilm SPR Sensor using Taguchi Method

Visible and angular interrogation of Kretschmann-based SPR using hybrid Au–ZnO optical sensor for hyperuricemia detection

“…For the materials database, the refractive index of BK7, Au and Cr are taken from BioNavis [ 26 , 42 ] and the refractive index of ZnO is obtained from Stelling [ 26 , 43 ]. Meanwhile the RI of uric acid at different concentrations of 0 mM–3.0 mM were obtained from Gan et al [ 11 ] with RI of 1.333, 1.3331, 1.3332, 1.3334, 1.3335, and 1.3336, respectively.…”

“…The real-time monitoring capability is particularly useful for monitoring disease progression or treatment efficacy in biomedical applications [ 25 ], making it a promising candidate for UA biosensor. SPR is an optical phenomenon where an electromagnetic oscillation happens at the metal/dielectric interface when light interacts with the surface plasmons (SPs) on the metal surface [ 26 ]. The SPR sensor consists of a glass substrate with a nanoscale-thick metal layer.…”

“…In SPR, since the biomolecules have to be attached to the sensing layer and not directly to the metal layer, it contributes to a low-sensitivity sensor [ 26 ]. Recently, metal oxides have been widely used to increase the sensitivity of the SPR sensor.…”

“…In this paper, ZnO, a porous material will be used as a sensing layer on top of Au. ZnO, a II-VI semiconductor, is used because it has a high isoelectric point, making it to easily absorb biomolecules with a lower isoelectric point [ 26 ]. At the nanoscale, ZnO confers specific properties that are highly beneficial for SPR sensors.…”

ZnO-based nanomaterials approach for photocatalytic and sensing applications: recent progress and trends

“…Therefore, depending on the nature of the transducer response, the sensing devices can be classified as electrochemical, 108 acoustic, 109,110 piezoelectric, 111 optical ( e.g. , ellipsometric SPR, evanescent field, fluorescence sensors 112–116 ), and photoelectrochemical. 117–119 Furthermore, in some of the approaches, label-free analyte detection can be achieved.…”