Robust quantum many-body scars in lattice gauge theories

Halimeh, Jad C.; Barbiero, Luca; Hauke, Philipp; Grusdt, Fabian; Bohrdt, Annabelle

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.08828

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…After solving Gauss' law, there is no gauge redundancy left and hence every qudit of information is used in the quantum simulation. We note that, already for d = 2, Z d LGTs coupled to dynamical matter show interesting properties such as topological order [91][92][93][94][95] and unconventional dynamics [96][97][98]. Moreover, the (2+1)D AHM recovered in the limit d → ∞ is one of the simplest realistic models that displays dynamical confinement in the presence of matter.…”

Section: B Abelian-higgs Modelmentioning

confidence: 78%

Fermion-qudit quantum processors for simulating lattice gauge theories with matter

Zache¹,

González-Cuadra²,

Zoller³

2023

Preprint

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Simulating the real-time dynamics of lattice gauge theories, underlying the Standard Model of particle physics, is a notoriously difficult problem where quantum simulators can provide a practical advantage over classical approaches. In this work, we present a complete Rydberg-based architecture, co-designed to digitally simulate the dynamics of general gauge theories coupled to matter fields in a hardware-efficient manner. Ref. [1] showed how a qudit processor, where non-abelian gauge fields are locally encoded and time-evolved, considerably reduces the required simulation resources compared to standard qubit-based quantum computers. Here we integrate the latter with a recently introduced fermionic quantum processor [2], where fermionic statistics are accounted for at the hardware level, allowing us to construct quantum circuits that preserve the locality of the gauge-matter interactions. We exemplify the flexibility of such a fermion-qudit processor by focusing on two paradigmatic high-energy phenomena. First, we present a resource-efficient protocol to simulate the Abelian-Higgs model, where the dynamics of confinement and string breaking can be investigated. Then, we show how to prepare hadrons made up of fermionic matter constituents bound by non-abelian gauge fields, and show how to extract the corresponding hadronic tensor. In both cases, we estimate the required resources, showing how quantum devices can be used to calculate experimentally-relevant quantities in particle physics.

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Section: B Abelian-higgs Modelmentioning

confidence: 78%

Fermion-qudit quantum processors for simulating lattice gauge theories with matter

Zache¹,

González-Cuadra²,

Zoller³

2023

Preprint

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“…Such mapping was already implemented in references [25,27,28]. Similar model was also considered to study quantum scared states [36][37][38]. We added the chemical potential term in order to control the filling.…”

Section: Appendix C Details On the Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confinement induced frustration in a one-dimensional Z2 lattice gauge theory

et al. 2023

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Coupling dynamical charges to gauge fields can result in highly non-local interactions with a linear confining potential. As a consequence, individual particles bind into mesons which, in one dimension, become the new constituents of emergent Luttinger liquids (LLs). Furthermore, at commensurate fillings, different Mott-insulating states can be stabilized by including nearest-neighbour (NN) interactions among charges. However, rich phase diagrams expected in such models have not been fully explored and still lack comprehensive theoretical explanation. Here, by combining numerical and analytical tools, we study a simple one-dimensional Z 2 lattice gauge theory at half-filling, where U(1) matter is coupled to gauge fields and interacts through NN repulsion. We uncover a rich phase diagram where the local NN interaction stabilizes a Mott state of individual charges (or partons) on the one hand, and an LL of confined mesons on the other. Furthermore, at the interface between these two phases, we uncover a highly frustrated regime arising due to the competition between the local NN repulsion and the non-local confining interactions, realizing a pre-formed parton plasma. Our work is motivated by the recent progress in ultracold atom experiments, where such simple model could be readily implemented. For this reason we calculate the static structure factor which we propose as a simple probe to explore the phase diagram in an experimental setup.

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“…Recently, an experiment has simulated the one-dimensional lattice Schwinger model [3][4][5][6], which is a U (1) lattice gauge theory (LGT) [7,8], using ultracold bosons in optical lattices [9]. The progress along this direction has also drawn considerable attentions theoretically [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The Schwinger model has a parameter called topological angle θ, and the conf-deconf transition exists in this model only when θ = π [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Confinement-Deconfinement Transition in an Ultracold Atom Quantum Simulator

Cheng¹,

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The one-dimensional lattice Schwinger model has recently been realized by using bosons in optical lattices. This model contains both confinement and deconfinement phases, whose phase diagram is controlled by the mass of the matter field and the topological angle. Since varying the mass of matter field is straightforward experimentally, we propose how to tune the topological angle, allowing accessing the entire phase diagram. We propose that direct experimental evidence of confinement and deconfinement can be obtained by measuring whether a physical charge is localized around a fixed gauge charge to screen it. We also discuss the PXP model realized in the Rydberg atoms array, which is equivalent to the lattice Schwinger model when all local gauge charges are fixed as zero. Although the gauge charges are fixed, we can alternatively probe the confinement and the deconfinement in the PXP model by studying the relative motion of a pair of a physical charge and an anti-charge. Our scheme can be directly implemented in these two relevant experimental platforms of ultracold atom quantum simulators.

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Robust quantum many-body scars in lattice gauge theories

Cited by 4 publications

References 63 publications

Fermion-qudit quantum processors for simulating lattice gauge theories with matter

Fermion-qudit quantum processors for simulating lattice gauge theories with matter

Confinement induced frustration in a one-dimensional Z2 lattice gauge theory

Tunable Confinement-Deconfinement Transition in an Ultracold Atom Quantum Simulator

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