Robust superhydrophobic surfaces with mechanical durability and easy repairability

Zhu, Xiaotao; Zhang, Zhaozhu; Men, Xuehu; Yang, Jin; Wang, Kun; Xu, Xiaodong; Zhou, Xiaoyan; Xue, Qunji

doi:10.1039/c1jm12513c

Cited by 228 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Jung and Bhushan [57] showed that a superhydrophobic surface comprised of composite hierarchical structures of carbon nanotubes could sustain mechanical wear due to shear flow much better than the waxy crystals of lotus leaves. Meanwhile, Zhu et al [58] fabricated a superhydrophobic surface using metal/polymer composite that could better sustain wear under abrasion test. As is well known, superhydrophobicity can be achieved by a combination of well matched low surface energy (chemical hydrophobicity) and roughness.…”

Section: Ordered Microtexturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Slippery Coatings: Nature and Applications

Samaha

Gad‐el‐Hak

2014

Polymers

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Abstract:We review recent developments in nature-inspired superhydrophobic and omniphobic surfaces. Water droplets beading on a surface at significantly high static contact angles and low contact-angle hystereses characterize superhydrophobicity. Microscopically, rough hydrophobic surfaces could entrap air in their pores resulting in a portion of a submerged surface with air-water interface, which is responsible for the slip effect. Suberhydrophobicity enhances the mobility of droplets on lotus leaves for self-cleaning purposes, so-called lotus effect. Amongst other applications, superhydrophobicity could be used to design slippery surfaces with minimal skin-friction drag for energy conservation. Another kind of slippery coatings is the recently invented slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS), which are one type of omniphobic surfaces. Certain plants such as the carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher inspired SLIPS. Their interior surfaces have microstructural roughness, which can lock in place an infused lubricating liquid. The lubricant is then utilized as a repellent surface for other liquids such as water, blood, crude oil, and alcohol. In this review, we discuss the concepts of both lotus effect and Nepenthes slippery mechanism. We then present a review of recent advances in manufacturing polymeric and non-polymeric slippery surfaces with ordered and disordered micro/nanostructures. Furthermore, we discuss the performance and longevity of such surfaces. Techniques used to characterize the surfaces are also detailed. We conclude the article with an overview of the latest advances in characterizing and using slippery surfaces for different applications.

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Section: Ordered Microtexturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymeric Slippery Coatings: Nature and Applications

Samaha

Gad‐el‐Hak

2014

Polymers

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“…High contact angles and low contact angle hysteresis could be preserved under 1750 N/m adhesion strength tape testing, and significant resistance could be observed as high as 3850 N/m. Zhu et al 35 prepared a superhydrophobic metal/ polymer composite surface, and the mechanical durability of the surface was evaluated by scratch and friction tests. The scratch test was conducted on a homemade scratch tester: 1500 mesh sandpaper served as an abrasion surface, with the surface to be tested facing this abrasion material.…”

Section: Durability Of Shsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing durability of superhydrophobic surfaces

Malavasi

Bernagozzi

Antonini

et al. 2015

Surface Innovations

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Superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) show remarkable water repellency properties, and their use may have a tremendousimpact for a plethora of applications, where liquid water accumulation needs to be controlled or minimised. However, the durability of SHS in operational conditions is a severe issue that currently represents a bottleneck for the technology transfer from laboratory to industrial applications. In the present work, we try to fill in the gap caused by the absence of a standard for evaluation for SHS durability, by developing a protocol for testing surface durability.The proposed protocol includes nine tests as follows: water immersion, acidic environment, alkaline environment, ionic solution, mechanical erosion, ultraviolet exposure, resistance to heating, alcohol immersion and hydrocarbon immersion. The protocol can serve to give an indication of surface robustness in a variety of potentially harmful environments, by providing a global figure of merit and ranking for different SHS and thereby allowing for identifying those surfaces fulfilling requirements for a specific application. To illustrate the protocol, we tested a SHS developed in-house by grafting of lauric acid molecules on an aluminum substrate. This article contains supporting information that is available online.

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“…Thus, a solid/air composite surface is created 11 that enables liquid droplets to roll off with ease. Despite remarkable improvements in liquid repellency [5][6][7][8] , transparency 7,12 and durability 7,13 made possible by increasingly sophisticated surface microstructure designs, several challenges remain: most importantly, the adsorption of proteins or bacteria to superhydrophobic surfaces 14,15 , pressure instability 16,17 , limited self-healing properties and the impossibility of creating thermodynamically stable non-wetting states for low-surfacetension liquids 6 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparency and damage tolerance of patternable omniphobic lubricated surfaces based on inverse colloidal monolayers

Vogel

Belisle²,

Hatton³

et al. 2013

Nat Commun

398

420

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A transparent coating that repels a wide variety of liquids, prevents staining, is capable of selfrepair and is robust towards mechanical damage can have a broad technological impact, from solar cell coatings to self-cleaning optical devices. Here we employ colloidal templating to design transparent, nanoporous surface structures. A lubricant can be firmly locked into the structures and, owing to its fluidic nature, forms a defect-free, self-healing interface that eliminates the pinning of a second liquid applied to its surface, leading to efficient liquid repellency, prevention of adsorption of liquid-borne contaminants, and reduction of ice adhesion strength. We further show how this method can be applied to locally pattern the repellent character of the substrate, thus opening opportunities to spatially confine any simple or complex fluids. The coating is highly defect-tolerant due to its interconnected, honeycomb wall structure, and repellency prevails after the application of strong shear forces and mechanical damage. The regularity of the coating allows us to understand and predict the stability or failure of repellency as a function of lubricant layer thickness and defect distribution based on a simple geometric model.

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Robust superhydrophobic surfaces with mechanical durability and easy repairability

Cited by 228 publications

References 42 publications

Polymeric Slippery Coatings: Nature and Applications

Polymeric Slippery Coatings: Nature and Applications

Assessing durability of superhydrophobic surfaces

Transparency and damage tolerance of patternable omniphobic lubricated surfaces based on inverse colloidal monolayers

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