“…buffer capacities, backup suppliers, or risk mitigation inventory) at the pre-disruption stage, resilience deals with the system's ability to sustain or restore its functionality and performance following a significant change in the system and environment conditions (Aven 2017). SC resilience encompasses both proactive and reactive stages (Bhamra, Dani, and Burnard 2011;Jüttner and Maklan 2011;Spiegler, Naim, and Wikner 2012;Pettit, Croxton, and Fiksel 2013;Brandon-Jones et al 2014;Ambulkar, Blackhurst, and Grawe 2015;Tukamuhabwa et al 2015;Chowdhury and Quaddus 2017;Yu, Li, and Yang 2017). As such, an integration of pro-and reactive decisions is important for increasing SC resilience by utilising the synergetic effects between mitigation and contingency policies (Sheffi 2005;Tomlin 2006;Melnyk et al 2014;Ivanov et al 2016;Geng and Xiao 2017;Ivanov and Rozhkov 2017;Rezapour, Farahani, and Pourakbar 2017;Ivanov 2018a;Ivanov, Dolgui, and Sokolov 2018).…”