Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever from an Unexpected Tick Vector in Arizona

Demma, Linda J.; Traeger, Marc; Nicholson, William L.; Paddock, Christopher D.; Blau, Dianna M.; Eremeeva, Marina E.; Dasch, Gregory A.; Levin, Michael; Singleton, Joseph; Zaki, Sherif R.; Cheek, James E.; Swerdlow, David L.; McQuiston, Jennifer H.

doi:10.1056/nejmoa050043

Cited by 395 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The occurrence of five confirmed cases of BSF in this region and the lack of A. cajennense infected by R. rickettsii, until now, is in agreement with the data showed by Demma et al (2005) More publications have showed evidence that the brown dog tick is the RMSF vector in some regions of the USA, where close human interaction with free-roaming community dogs heavily parasitized by these ticks is observed. Also, in California, where the role of R. sanguineus is unclear as a potential vector of this disease, R. rickettsii was detected in this tick, but some differences in genotypes were shown between the strains isolated from Arizona, demonstrating a significant genetic diversity in this species of the spotted fever group rickettsiae SFGR (Wikswo et al 2007).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Nowadays, other species have been reported as A. triste (Venzal et al 2008) in Uruguay and Rhipicephalus sanguineus in the USA (Demma et al 2005, Wikswo et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the role of R. sanguineus in the transmission cycle of a severe spotted fever rickettsiose to humans have been demonstrated since 1940's in Mexico (Bustamante et al 1946, Bustamante et al 1947, only in 2002, R. rickettsii was identified in R. sanguineus in the USA as important vector of the Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) in Eastern Arizona (Demma et al 2005) Burgdorfer et al in 1975, registered the possibility of R. sanguineus involvement in the epidemiology of RMSF, reporting that ticks of this species collected in infected dogs with Rickettsia spp. were able to transmit and cause the disease, experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First identification of natural infection of Rickettsia rickettsii in the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick, in the State of Rio de Janeiro

et al. 2009

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The Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is a zoonotic disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii and transmitted by ticks of the genus Amblyomma, more frequently, Amblyomma cajennense. The aim of this paper was to report the first molecular detection of R. rickettsii on R. sanguineus naturally infected in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Ticks were collected from dogs in a rural region of Resende municipality, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (22º30'9.46"S, 44º42'44.29"WO), where occurred five human cases of BSF in 2006. The ticks were identified under a stereoscopic microscope and separated in pools by stages, species and sex. DNA extraction was carried out using QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN®). The DNA was submitted to PCR amplification using 04 set of primers: Rr190.70p/Rr190.602n (OmpA, 532bp), BG1-21/BG2-20 (OmpB, 650bp), Tz15/Tz16 (17 kDa protein-encoding gene, 246bp) and RpCS.877p/RpCS.1258n (gltA, 381bp). PCR products were separated by electrophoresis on 1% agarose gels and visualized under ultraviolet light with ethidium bromide. PCR products of the expected sizes were purified by QIAquick® and sequenced by ABI PRISM®. The generated nucleotide sequences were edited with using Bioedit® software and compared with the corresponding homologous sequences available through GenBank, using Discontiguous Mega Blast (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov). It was confirmed R. rickettsii by sequencing of the material (GenBank FJ356230). The molecular characterization of R. rickettsii in the tick R. sanguineus emphasizes the role of dogs as carriers of ticks from the environment to home. Moreover, this result suggests that there is a considerable chance for active participation of R. sanguineus as one of tick species in the transmission of R. ricketsii to human being in the Brazilian territory.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Nowadays, other species have been reported as A. triste (Venzal et al 2008) in Uruguay and Rhipicephalus sanguineus in the USA (Demma et al 2005, Wikswo et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First identification of natural infection of Rickettsia rickettsii in the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick, in the State of Rio de Janeiro

et al. 2009

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“…The vector typically attributed with RMSF transmission and maintenance in the southeastern United States is Dermacentor variabilis (the American dog tick), 1 although the widely distributed Rhipicephalus sanguineus (the brown dog tick), is also found in Tennessee 2 and has been shown to transmit the pathogen in other parts of the country. 3,4 Tennessee historically reports one of the highest incidence rates for RMSF in the United States, 5,6 which have rapidly increased in recent years. In 2008, 224 cases were reported to the Tennessee Department of Health (TDH), a 20% increase over 2007 and 120% increase over 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of Rickettsia rickettsii and Occurrence of Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in Ticks from Tennessee

Moncayo¹,

Cohen²,

Fritzen³

et al. 2010

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is the most common tick-borne illness in Tennessee. Little is known about the occurrence of R. rickettsii, the causative agent, in ticks in Tennessee. To better understand the prevalence and distribution of rickettsial agents in ticks, we tested 1,265 Amblyomma, Dermacentor, and Ixodes adult and nymphal ticks. Additionally, we tested 231 Amblyomma americanum larvae. Ticks were collected from 49 counties from humans, wild animals, domestic canines, and flannel drags. Spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 32% of adult and nymphal ticks. A total minimum infection rate of 85.63 was found in larval pools tested. Three rickettsial species, Rickettsia montana, Rickettsia amblyommii, and Rickettsia cooleyi were identified by molecular analysis. Rickettsia rickettsii was not detected. This study suggests that some RMSF cases reported in Tennessee may be caused by cross-reactivity with other SFGR antigenically related to R. rickettsii.

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“…For example, a human outbreak of Rocky Mountain spotted fever was reported in the White Mountain region of eastern Arizona in 2004. During this outbreak investigation, Rhipicephalus sanguineus was implicated as a vector for Rickettsia rickettsii, and the role of local dogs as short-term reservoirs and primary hosts for the vector tick was suggested because high prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in dogs from an Indian reservation in northeastern Arizona was reported [2,3] . Dogs …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological investigation of vector-borne disease in dogs from rural areas of China

Wang¹,

He²,

Zhang³

2012

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever from an Unexpected Tick Vector in Arizona

Cited by 395 publications

References 24 publications

First identification of natural infection of Rickettsia rickettsii in the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick, in the State of Rio de Janeiro

First identification of natural infection of Rickettsia rickettsii in the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick, in the State of Rio de Janeiro

Absence of Rickettsia rickettsii and Occurrence of Other Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in Ticks from Tennessee

Serological investigation of vector-borne disease in dogs from rural areas of China

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