Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Warner, R.G.; Marsh, W. W.

doi:10.2460/javma.2002.221.1413

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, even though both transovarial and transstadial transmission of R. rickettsii are reported to occur in D. andersoni ticks, only 1% to 5% harbor the pathogen, even in the most endemic areas (Warner and Marsh, 2002), thus severely limiting our ability to detect the pathogen with only four ticks. Even so, over 14% of all rodents sampled were positive for R. rickettsii antibodies, including 14% of chipmunks, 13% of deer mice, and 33% of California ground squirrels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All four ticks collected directly from rodents were D. andersoni, the primary vector of RMSF in California; RMSF is the most severe human rickettsial disease in the US (Warner and Marsh, 2002). However, even though both transovarial and transstadial transmission of R. rickettsii are reported to occur in D. andersoni ticks, only 1% to 5% harbor the pathogen, even in the most endemic areas (Warner and Marsh, 2002), thus severely limiting our ability to detect the pathogen with only four ticks.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Multiple Zoonotic Agents in a Wild Rodent Community in the Eastern Sierra Nevada

Adjemian¹,

Adjemian²,

Foley³

et al. 2008

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:This study aimed to describe the occurrence of Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia rickettsii, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and ectoparasites in a wild rodent community in the eastern Sierra Nevada. From May to September 2006, rodents were live-trapped, examined for ectoparasites, and blood was collected. All rodents were serologically tested for antibodies to Y. pestis, R. rickettsii, and A. phagocytophilum; in addition, blood samples and ectoparasites were tested by PCR to detect the presence of these zoonotic agents. Overall, 89 rodents, 46 fleas, and four ticks were collected. Antibody prevalence rates observed for rodents were 14% for R. rickettsii or antigenically related spotted-fever group rickettsiae, and 8% for A. phagocytophilum. No samples were positive for antibodies to Y. pestis. Positive PCR results included one yellow-pine chipmunk for Y. pestis (C T 532.8), one golden-mantled ground squirrel for R. rickettsii (C T 533), and one flea found to be co-infected with both R. rickettsii (C T 517) and A. phagocytophilum (C T 536). The results of this study provide evidence of multiple zoonoses overlapping within a single, located rodent community.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Multiple Zoonotic Agents in a Wild Rodent Community in the Eastern Sierra Nevada

Adjemian¹,

Adjemian²,

Foley³

et al. 2008

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Hypertensive retinopathy is the most common ocular clinical sign associated with systemic hypertension, but hyphema may also be a presenting sign with this disease. Because of the autoregulation of the vasculature of the eyes, central nervous system, heart, and kidneys, these organs are known as end organs 29 and are commonly associated with significant damage from systemic hypertension. 29,30 Because the choroid and retina are extremely vascular, these structures respond to systemic hypertension by arteriolar vasoconstriction, thus leading to disruption of the integrity of the vasculature and increased vascular permeability due to arterial endothelial cell damage.…”

Section: Systemic Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyphema: Considerations in the Small Animal Patient

Telle

Betbeze

2015

Topics in Companion Animal Medicine

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Classification, diagnosis, and treatment of hemorrhage into the anterior chamber of the eye, or hyphema, can be a challenging and frustrating process for many practitioners, especially in emergency situations. This review outlines an inclusive list of causes, diagnostics, and treatments for traumatic and nontraumatic hyphema in both canine and feline patients. The review is tailored to small animal practitioners, especially in emergency practice, and is designed to provide concise but thorough descriptions on investigating underlying causes of hyphema and treating accordingly.

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“…Characterizing species of Rickettsia in a given region has important implications for local residents, travelers, and even global biodefense. Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in people and dogs in the United States 4–6 . North Carolina has one of the highest reported incidences of the disease in people 5,6 .…”

Section: Background and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of Rickettsia rickettsii Infecting Dogs and People in North Carolina

Kidd

Hegarty

Sexton

et al. 2006

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMST) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in people and dogs in the United States. Disease manifestations are strikingly similar in both species, and illness in dogs can precede illness in people. R. rickettsii has been identified as a Select Agent by the CDC as a Category C priority pathogen by the National Institute of Allergic and Infectious Diseases because it is amenable to use as a bioterror agent. The clinical and temporal relationship of naturally occurring diseases in dogs and people suggests that dogs could serve as sentinels for natural infection and bioterrorist attacks using this organism. Recognizing genetic modifications in naturally occurring disease agents in order to distinguish them from intentionally released agents are priorities put forth by the NIAID. To determine whether the rickettsiae naturally infecting dogs is the same as those that infect persons in a given geographical region, we characterized rickettsial isolates obtained from three dogs and two persons diagnosed with RMSF in North Carolina. Portions of three genes (ompA, rrs, and gltA) amplified by PCR were cloned and sequenced or directly sequenced. Reactions were run in duplicate in forward and reverse directions. Gene sequences were aligned with known sequences deposited in GenBank and with each other. Sequences of the 5' region of the ompA gene were 100% homologous with a tick strain (Bitterroot) of R. rickettsii for all five isolates. Sequences of the rrs gene were 99.8 99.9% homologous with a tick strain (Sawtooth) of R. rickettsii. rrs gene sequences from one dog and the two persons was identical. Sequences of one dog isolate differed from these by one base pair. Sequences from another dog isolate differed by two base pairs. Sequences of the gltA gene are pending. This confirms on a molecular level that R. rickettsii causing naturally occurring RMSF in dogs in North Carolina is highly homologous to R. rickettsii that causes the disease in people in the same region. Sequence data will be deposited in GenBank, thereby providing genetic information regarding naturally occurring R. rickettsii.

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Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Cited by 34 publications

References 15 publications

Evidence of Multiple Zoonotic Agents in a Wild Rodent Community in the Eastern Sierra Nevada

Evidence of Multiple Zoonotic Agents in a Wild Rodent Community in the Eastern Sierra Nevada

Hyphema: Considerations in the Small Animal Patient

Molecular Characterization of Rickettsia rickettsii Infecting Dogs and People in North Carolina

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