Role of Alcohol in the Aetiology of Hypertension

Mitchell, Penny; Morgan, MY; Boadle, David; Batt, J E; Marstrand, J L; McNeil, H P; Middleton, C. A.; Rayner, K; Lickiss, J. Norelle

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1980.tb112193.x

Cited by 49 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This J shaped curve has been reported by several groups where the sample size of the population was large enough to detect it [10,17,18,19]. Some smaller studies from Australia and Tasmania could only show a linear relationship [9,13,14]. There are several possible explanations for the slightly higher blood pressure levels in tee-totallers; possibly some heavy drinkers denied their alcohol consumption completely or they had given up drinking at the time of the epidemiological survey due to intercurrent illness.…”

Section: The J Shaped Curvesupporting

confidence: 52%

“…In 1977 a major analysis was reported from a survey of nearly 84,000 people in the Kaiser Permanente Health Examination Programme [ 10]. This is the largest epidemiological study to show a relationship between alcohol consumption and blood pressure and has since been confirmed by many other studies [11][12][13][14][15]. Klatsky et al [10] demonstrated that both systolic and diastolic pressure were related to alcohol consumption and the effect was independent of differences in age, sex, ethnic group, body mass index, cigarette consumption, salt preference [16], coffee intake or social class.…”

Section: Early Studiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Alcohol and Hypertension

Potter

Bannan

Beevers

1984

British Journal of Addiction

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Summary Although a link between excessive alcohol consumption and hypertension was first suggested early this century, little attention was paid to this and it is only in the last decade that the association has become established. Support for the concept of alcohol as a cause of hypertension derives from (1) the demonstration in general population samples that blood pressure is significantly correlated with alcohol intake, (2) the high prevalence of hypertension in alcohol–dependent subjects which is reversible on abstinence, (3) the high frequency with which elevated MCV, serum transaminase and serum γGT levels are found in hypertensive patients and (4) the recent finding that alcohol has a direct pressor effect in such patients. There are probably at least two different mechanisms underlying alcohol–induced hypertension. In alcohol–dependent patients, hypertension is particularly common during withdrawal from alcohol and this may reflect stimulation of corticosteroid, catecholamine and vasopressin production. The direct pressor effect may be due to alcohol induced arteriolar vasoconstriction. Alcohol–induced hypertension is a common clinical problem. More emphasis should be placed on its detection, for with reduction or cessation of alcohol consumption, blood pressure will return to normal in many patients and antihypertensive drug therapy can thus be avoided.

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Section: The J Shaped Curvesupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Early Studiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Alcohol and Hypertension

Potter

Bannan

Beevers

1984

British Journal of Addiction

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“…All three studies found that people drinking 1-2 drinks per day had approximately the same or slightly lower pressures than teetotallers. Recently, Mitchell, Morgan, Boadle, Batt, Marstrand, McNeil, Middleton, Rayner & Lickiss (1980) found a strong correlation between alcohol consumption and systolic and diastolic pressures. In the population they studied, alcohol was the major environmental factor determining blood pressure levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alcohol and Blood Pressure in a Working Population

Arkwright

Beilin

Rouse

et al. 1981

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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1. The association between alcohol consumption and blood pressure was studied in 491 Government employees. The men, aged 21-45 years, volunteered to complete a health questionnaire and submitted to standardized measurements of blood pressure, heart rate and body size. 2. Average weekly alcohol consumption correlated with systolic pressure (R = 0.18, P less than 0.001) but not with diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure increased progressively with increasing alcohol consumption with no obvious threshold effect. An effect of alcohol was seen independent of age, obesity (Quetelet's index) or cigarette smoking. 3. Results indicate that alcohol ranks close to obesity as a preventable cause of essential hypertension in the community.

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“…However in each case these variables were handled separately and after dividing the population into subgroups. Those who have used regression methods in their analysis (Kannel & Sorlie, 1975;Mitchell et al, 1980) to define the relationship between blood pressure and alcohol consumption have arrived at regression coefficients of the same order of magnitude as ours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%