Role of altered immune cells in liver diseases: a review

Wahid, Braira; Ali, Amjad; Rafique, Shazia; Saleem, Komal; Waqar, Muhammad; Wasim, Muhammad; Idrees, Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.gastrohep.2018.01.014

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Dead or dying epithelial cells as well as phagocytes release inflammatory mediators that initiate inflammatory reaction (Higashi, Friedman, & Hoshida, 2017). Among these mediators are transforming the growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF α), interleukin IL-1β, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) (Higashi et al, 2017;Park, Cha, Youn, Cho, & Song, 2010;Wahid et al, 2018). The major driver of liver fibrogenesis is an activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) which is the major cellular source of matrix proteinsecreting myofibroblasts (Higashi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dandelion prevents liver fibrosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in rats

Hamza

Mohamed

Lashin

et al. 2020

JoBAZ

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Background: Liver fibrosis is the main contributor to the chronic liver-associated morbidity and mortality. Purpose: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of whole plant powder of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) on liver fibrosis. Methods: Liver fibrosis was induced by the oral administration of 20% carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), twice a week for 8 weeks. Simultaneously, dandelion root extract (500 mg/kg) was daily administered via the same route. Results: Dandelion remarkably improved the liver histology as evidenced by histopathological scoring with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Masson staining and hydroxyproline content similarly showed that dandelion decreased collagen deposition. Both mRNA and protein levels of α-smooth muscle actin and collagens 1 and 3 have been decreased after dandelion treatment compared to CCL4 group. Dandelion also downregulated the mRNA expressions of inflammatory factors interleukin-IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, remodeling growth factor-β1, cyclooxygenase-2, and nuclear factor kappa-B and decreased the myeloperoxidase activity. Additionally, the effects of dandelion were associated with the decreased levels of the hepatic oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and P. carbonyl) and elevation of the activity of superoxide dismutase activity. Dandelion's effect to alleviate the fibrosis and inflammation induced by CCL4 treatment in the livers and was more pronounced than with silymarin. The total antioxidant study of dandelion extract revealed that dandelion has notable ferric reducing antioxidant power and high total phenolic content. Conclusion: Finally, these results suggest that dandelion prevents the progression of hepatic fibrosis induced by CCL4. The dandelion's antifibrotic effects could be attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals and to attenuate inflammatory cells activations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dandelion prevents liver fibrosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in rats

Hamza

Mohamed

Lashin

et al. 2020

JoBAZ

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“…In the liver, cell types such as hepatocytes, immune cells, and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) interact with each other. Recent studies have investigated the crucial role of different intrahepatic immunocyte subsets (including T cells, B cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and innate lymphoid cells) in the progression of liver inflammation and fibrosis (Koyama and Brenner, 2017;Tosello-Trampont et al, 2017;Wahid et al, 2018). An aberrant intrahepatic immune microenvironment (aberrant immune cell distribution and cytokines/chemokine secretion) induces HSC transdifferentiation from quiescent lipocytes into myofibroblastlike cells to drive fibrogenesis (Friedman, 2008;Higashi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiome Contributes to Liver Fibrosis Impact on T Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Gut microbiota (GM) modifies the intrahepatic immune microenvironment, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Liver fibrosis-associated imprinting is predicted to be reflected in GM. This study investigated the link between GM and the intrahepatic T cell receptor (TCR) immune repertoire (IR), and whether GM modulates the intrahepatic immune microenvironment via TCR IR during liver fibrosis. We analyzed the correlation between GM and TCR IR during liver fibrogenesis. Accordingly, 16S rRNA gene sequencing (16S-seq) and bulk immune repertoire sequencing (IR-seq) were performed to characterize GM and intrahepatic TCR IR. Fecal microbial transplant (FMT) and TCRβ knockout (TcrbKO) mouse models were employed to determine the biological link between GM and TCR IR in liver fibrosis. We found that GM and intrahepatic TCR IR are highly correlated, with both showing reduced diversity and centralized distribution during liver fibrosis. The restoration of normal intestinal microbiota may reshape intrahepatic TCR IR and delay liver fibrosis. Interestingly, TCR IR ablation abrogated the impact of GM on liver fibrogenesis. Furthermore, GM modulated hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation via TCR IR-mediated intrahepatic immune milieu. Our study demonstrates that GM, which exhibits cross-talk with the intrahepatic TCR IR, influences the intrahepatic immune microenvironment and liver fibrosis progression.

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“…Abundant immune cells in the liver function to maintain intrahepatic immune homeostasis. Recent studies have emphasized the crucial role played by different intrahepatic immunocyte subsets, especially macrophages, in the progression of liver inflammation and fibrosis (11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Activation of HSCs depends on the intrahepatic immune microcircumstance, including immune cells (T, B, natural killer (NK) and macrophages cells) and signaling in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion (16)(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The T Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Protects the Liver From Reconsitution

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Immunol.

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Aberrant immune cell infiltrates and microcircumstances represent characteristic features of liver fibrosis. In this study, we profiled the transcriptomes of intrahepatic CD45+ immune cells, from mice, using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology to understand the landscape of intrahepatic immune cells during the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Analysis of approximately 10,000 single-cell transcriptomes revealed an increase in dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and neutrophils and a decrease in T and natural killer T (NKT) cells. In addition, we report changes in the transcriptomes of diverse immune cell types, implying a deteriorating intrahepatic immune microcircumstance. Furthermore, we uncovered a novel fibrosis-associated CD8 T (Ccl5+, Ccl4+) and CD4 T (mt-Co1+) cell subpopulation, which infiltrates fibrotic liver and is characterized by abnormal activation or inactivation as well as a TCR decline. The results from scRNA-seq and bulk immune repertoire sequencing (IR-seq) revealed an obvious decline in T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes combined with shrinking VJ and VDJ segment usage, as well as lower complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) amino acid (AA) diversity from fibrotic liver. Interestingly, a deficiency of TCR IR (TcrbKO mice) led to a deterioration of liver fibrosis, coupled with activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by the upregulation of macrophage and γδ T cell distribution in fibrotic TcrbKO livers. Our findings reveal the landscape and dynamics of single immune cells in liver fibrosis, and clarify the protective role of TCR IR in response to chronic liver injury.

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Role of altered immune cells in liver diseases: a review

Cited by 12 publications

References 127 publications

Dandelion prevents liver fibrosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in rats

Dandelion prevents liver fibrosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in rats

Gut Microbiome Contributes to Liver Fibrosis Impact on T Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire

The T Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Protects the Liver From Reconsitution

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