Role of Antibody to S100 Protein in Diagnostic Pathology

Abstract

Normal tissues and various tumors were examined for S100 protein, using anti-S100 protein antiserum, in an immunoperoxidase reaction. Among normal tissues, in addition to the previously reported presence of S100 protein in some neurons, glial, and Schwann cells of the nervous system, melanocytes and Langerhans cells of the skin, interdigitating reticulum cells of lymph nodes, and chondrocytes, we demonstrated it in myoepithelial cells and ducts of sweat glands, salivary glands, and the breast, serous glands of the lung, fetal neuroblasts, and sustentacular cells of the adrenal medulla. Among neoplasms, S100 protein previously has been reported in neurogenic tumors, melanomas, and neuroblastomas; we have demonstrated it in mixed sweat gland tumors, histiocytosis X, pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland, medullary carcinomas of the breast, bronchioloalveolar carcinomas of the lung, sustentacular cells of pheochromocytomas, teratomas of the ovary, and tumors of cartilage (enchondromas, osteochondromas, and chondrosarcomas). With S100 protein producing tumors, a normal progenitor cell was identified, indicating that demonstration of S100 protein in tumors confirmed their origin.

Myoepithelial markers are expressed in at least 29% of oestrogen receptor negative invasive breast carcinoma

“…Normal basal, including myoepithelial, cells of the breast are ERnegative. 5,6 CD10, 7,8 smooth muscle actin 9,10 and S100 11 are markers of these basal cells that can be used for their demonstration in routinely processed paraffin sections. Normal luminal breast epithelial cells are usually negative for these three markers.…”

“…Normal luminal breast epithelial cells are usually negative for these three markers. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] This study was aimed at comparing the incidence of positive staining for the above-mentioned three myoepithelial markers in ER-negative and -positive invasive breast carcinoma, to investigate the possibility that differentiation along myoepithelial lines plays a role in imparting ER negativity on some breast carcinomas.…”

Role of S-100 Immunostaining in Demonstration of Nerve Changes and Quantification of Dendritic Cells in Leprosy

“…This indicates that S-100 immunostaining is useful in leprosy diagnosis not only by nerve staining patterns, but it also helps to differentiate the spectrum by highlighting the changes in dendritic cells [14]. The significance of this study lies in the application of S-100 to demonstrate nerve damage, for an earlier diagnosis [15]. An earlier diagnosis helps in reducing morbidity , drug resistance and achievement of elimination rates.…”

Brain Tumors in Man and Animals: Report of a Workshop

“…It has been demonstrated in glial and meningeal tumors, but it has also been found in a variety of unrelated extraneural tissues (21). Its main use in neuro-oncology appears to be in the recognition of amelanotic melanoma and of Schwann cell tumors.…”