Role of Aquaporin-3 in Intestinal Injury Induced by Sepsis

Abstract

Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is expressed in various parts of the intestine, where it regulates the proliferation and migration of intestinal epithelial cells and the transport of glycerol and hydrogen peroxide. Our study aimed to investigate the effect on the expression of AQP3 of intestinal injury in septic mice and whether oral administration of glycerol can reduce intestinal epithelial injury and barrier disorder by acting as a partial substitute for the function of AQP3. We established a sepsis model by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) in mice. Sepsis induced intestinal injury, as demonstrated by the disordered destruction of the morphology of the intestinal mucosa, time-dependent increases in Chiu's score (p < 0.05), significantly increased (p < 0.05) plasma concentrations of determination of the levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and intestinal fatty acidbinding protein 2 (FABP2), and time-dependent downregulation of the expression of AQP3 and occluding (p < 0.05). While the administration of oral glycerol partially ameliorated the sepsis-induced injury of the intestinal mucosa, as shown by the partial recovery of the morphological structure, with decreased Chiu's score, decreased plasma concentrations of DAO and intestinal-type FABP2, upregulated expression of occludin and decreased mortality rate (Sepsis vs. Sepsis Glycerol, p < 0.05). The results showed that the expression levels of AQP3 and occludin were downregulated after septic intestinal injury, while treatment with glycerol, which acts as a substitute for AQP3, partly ameliorated intestinal injury and improved the survival rate. This preliminary experiment suggests that AQP3 may protect the intestinal tract against the effects of sepsis.

Aquaporin: targets for dietary nutrients to regulate intestinal health

“…At the same time, the results of an intestinal mucosal injury model induced by sepsis showed that AQP3 expression was downregulated in response to the intestinal injury and inflammation caused by the sepsis. Glycerol supplementation can partially improve small‐bowel pathological damage, including reducing intestinal epithelial cell permeability and reducing small intestinal mucosal damage (Zhu et al, 2019). These all reveal the protective effect of AQPs on the intestinal barrier, and the mechanism may be that AQPs can regulate the concentration of glycerol and ATP biosynthesis, thereby affecting cell proliferation.…”

Tong‑fu‑li‑fei decoction attenuates immunosuppression to protect the intestinal‑mucosal barrier in sepsis by inhibiting the PD‑1/PD‑L1 signaling pathway

“…Thus, ameliorating the immunosuppression state may be beneficial to the treatment of clinical sepsis. intestinal injury is one of the main pathological characteristics of sepsis, which significantly influences the health of patients with sepsis (26). in the present study, a sepsis model was established by clP in rats to simulate the pathological state of sepsis-induced intestinal barrier injury.…”

Aquaporins in the nervous structures supplying the digestive organs – a review

“…It is also known that AQPs in the gastrointestinal tract take part in processes connected with the secretion of saliva, gastric juice and intestinal hormones and enzymes (Delporte, 2017;Matsuzaki et al, 2017). Previous studies also found that AQPs are involved in the support of normal functions of the intestinal barrier (Zhang et al, 2011), as well as take part in pathological processes during diseases of the digestive system and mechanisms connected with diarrhoea (Kon et al, 2018;Xiang et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019), as well as in physiological processes, including the growth and maturation of the GI tract, as well its adaptation to changes in the diet. Table 1 Distribution of AQPs in the innervation of digestive systema summary of current knowledge HUMAN AQP1 in intraganglionic glial cells in the oesophagus and glial cells within neuronal plexuses in the pancreas.…”

“…Apart from participation in the transport of water and other substances, AQPs are involved in many regulatory processes, such as the proliferation and migration of cells, phagocytosis, tissue regeneration, apoptosis and many others (Szpilbarg et al, 2016;Pelagalli et al, 2018;Yasumitsu et al, 2018;Guo et al, 2019). Because the digestive system is the place where water transport is very intensive, high levels of almost all isoforms of aquaporins (AQP1-AQP11) have been found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and other digestive organs, such as salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder and bile duct (Zhu et al, 2016(Zhu et al, , 2019Zhang et al, 2019). Primarily, AQPs in the digestive system have been found in the epithelial cells, glands and microvessels (Zhu et al, 2016;Zhu et al, 2017, Zhang et al, 2019.…”