Role of autophagy in osteosarcoma

Camuzard, Olivier; Santucci‐Darmanin, Sabine; Carle, Georges F.; Pierrefite-Carle, Valérie

doi:10.1016/j.jbo.2019.100235

Cited by 56 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The elimination and recycling of damaged proteins and organelles are driven by autophagy, which provides energy to the cells. Autophagy can be activated by chemotherapy and can promote increased chemosensitivity, as well as drug resistance in OS (Camuzard et al , 2019; Liao et al , 2019). Thus, drugs regulating autophagy may be an option to overcome drug resistance in the future.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoma treatment in the era of molecular medicine

et al. 2020

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Sarcomas are heterogeneous and clinically challenging soft tissue and bone cancers. Although constituting only 1% of all human malignancies, sarcomas represent the second most common type of solid tumors in children and adolescents and comprise an important group of secondary malignancies. More than 100 histological subtypes have been characterized to date, and many more are being discovered due to molecular profiling. Owing to their mostly aggressive biological behavior, relative rarity, and occurrence at virtually every anatomical site, many sarcoma subtypes are in particular difficult‐to‐treat categories. Current multimodal treatment concepts combine surgery, polychemotherapy (with/without local hyperthermia), irradiation, immunotherapy, and/or targeted therapeutics. Recent scientific advancements have enabled a more precise molecular characterization of sarcoma subtypes and revealed novel therapeutic targets and prognostic/predictive biomarkers. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in the molecular biology of sarcomas and their effects on clinical oncology; it is meant for a broad readership ranging from novices to experts in the field of sarcoma.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoma treatment in the era of molecular medicine

et al. 2020

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“…Autophagy, initially discovered by Ohsumi in 1992 (who received the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his outstanding contributions to the field), is a catabolic process via which cells eliminate and recycle their own damaged proteins and organelles to provide energy (9). There are three types of autophagy, including microautophagy, macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The autophagic process can be mainly divided into 4 steps: i) Formation of the phagophore to wrap the damaged material; ii) elongation and closure of the phagophore followed by autophagosome generation; iii) fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes to form autolysosomes; and iv) content degradation and recycling (9). Autophagy can be triggered under stressful conditions, such as starvation, hypoxia and cytotoxicity, to maintain cell survival by providing energy (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting autophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance and reduce metastasis in osteosarcoma

Liao

et al. 2019

Int J Oncol

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Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone malignancy, mainly affecting children and adolescents. Currently, surgical resection combined with adjuvant chemotherapy has been standardized for OS treatment. Despite great advances in chemotherapy for OS, its clinical prognosis remains far from satisfactory; this is due to chemoresistance, which has become a major obstacle to improving OS treatment. Autophagy, a catabolic process through which cells eliminate and recycle their own damaged proteins and organelles to provide energy, can be activated by chemotherapeutic drugs. Accumulating evidence has indicated that autophagy plays the dual role in the regulation of OS chemoresistance by either promoting drug resistance or increasing drug sensitivity. The aim of the present review was to demonstrate thatautophagy has both a cytoprotective and an autophagic cell death function in OS chemoresistance. In addition, methods to detect autophagy, autophagy inducers and inhibitors, as well as autophagy-mediated metastasis, immunotherapy and clinical prognosis are also discussed. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Methods of detecting autophagy 3. Autophagy inducers and inhibitors 4. Dual role of autophagy in OS chemoresistance 5. Autophagy and metastasis 6. Autophagy and immunotherapy 7. Autophagy as a prognostic marker in OS 8. Conclusion

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“…Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant tumor in orthopedics and has been indicated to occur predominantly in adolescents between 1-20 years of age (1,2). OS is characterized by high malignancy, invasion and early lung metastasis (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA‑208a‑3p promotes osteosarcoma progression via targeting PTEN

Wang

et al. 2020

Exp Ther Med

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Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor with a poor prognosis. Accumulated evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) may function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors, which are associated with tumorigenesis and the progression of different types of cancer. In the present study, the role of miR-208a-3p in OS was investigated. The expression levels of miR-208a-3p in OS tissues and cell lines were determined via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). MTT and colony formation assays were performed to verify the proliferation rate of OS cells. In addition, the effects of miR-208a-3p on the migration and invasion of OS cells were revealed using wound-healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Furthermore, the association between miR-208a-3p and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) 3'-untranslated region was determined via luciferase reporter assays, western blot and RT-qPCR analysis. The results indicated that miR-208a-3p was upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and human osteoblastic cells, respectively. miR-208a-3p overexpression promoted and miR-208a-3p knockdown inhibited OS cells proliferation and metastatic potential. Additionally, PTEN was validated as a direct target of miR-208a-3p and its expression was negatively associate with that of miR-208a-3p in OS cells. Taken together, these results may suggest that miR-208a-3p promoted OS cells proliferation and metastatic potential via targeting PTEN. Therefore, miR-208a-3p may be considered as a diagnostic biomarker for OS.

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Role of autophagy in osteosarcoma

Cited by 56 publications

References 87 publications

Sarcoma treatment in the era of molecular medicine

Sarcoma treatment in the era of molecular medicine

Targeting autophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance and reduce metastasis in osteosarcoma

MicroRNA‑208a‑3p promotes osteosarcoma progression via targeting PTEN

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