Role of Bamboo-Shoot in the Pathogenesis of Endemic Goiter in Manipur, North East India

Chandra, Amar K.; Singh, Laishram Hemchandra; Ghosh, Shreya; Pearce, Elizabeth N.

doi:10.4158/ep12162.or

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although several vegetables of the brassicae family like radish, cabbage, brussel sprouts, turnips, mustard and rapeseed, etc are known for their goitrogenic activity [17], a broad database of comparative goitrogenic potential between commercially available known anti-thyroidal drugs used to treat hyperthyroidism and having other environmental exposure with such natural goitrogens has not been compiled. This study has thus been designed simplistically to compare the goitrogenic potentiality of such a natural goitrogen bamboo-shoots, which on daily consumption reportedly causes endemic goiter in Manipur, India [5] and a well-known chemical anti-thyroidal agent thiourea which is the major constituent of several synthetic drugs used in treatment of hyperthyroidism like methimazole, PTU [18], etc BS was fed in the amount such that the total amount of reported antithyroidal components in it was approximately equivalent to a thiourea dose of 6 mg/100 g of body weight. Food consumption pattern for both experimental groups remained nearly similar to control animals indicating almost comparable intake of both antithyroidal exposures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bamboo-Shoots (BS) in contrast to the synthetic drug thiourea is a natural goitrogenic cruciferous vegetable which is consumed almost as a staple food in the eastern regions of the world and causes endemic goitre in the North Eastern regions of India, where it is consumed mostly on a regular basis [5]. Its chemical analysis has revealed it to contain several anti-thyroidal constituents like cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates and thiocyanate around 600 mg/kg wet weight on the whole [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of Goitrogenic/Antithyroidal Potentiality of Bamboo-Shoots in Relation to Thiourea

Sarkar

Chakraborty

Bhattacharya

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Natural goitrogens present in plant foods or antithyroidal drugs both alter the morphology and normal functional status of the thyroid gland interfering the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. In this study, the goitrogenic potential of bamboo shoots (BS) containing natural goitrogens has been compared against a potent synthetic antithyroidal drug thiourea.Methods: BS was fed to 6 rats by 1/3rdreplacement of 180grams (g) of their food i.e.60g of BS containing 35g of goitrogens of cyanogenic origin such that each rat ideally consumed 6 mg/100g of body weight per day and thiourea at a near equal dose of 6 mg/100g of body weight per day was force fed to another 6 rats for a period of 45 d. Changes in food consumption pattern, serum toxicity marker SGOT and SGPT, morphological changes like thyroid gland weight and histology and functional aspects like TPO activity, Na+-K+ATPase activity, urinary iodine excretion and serum T3,T4 and TSH levels induced by this natural and synthetic agent respectively were investigated. Results analyzed by ANOVA followed by post hoc tests.Results: Food consumption pattern was similar in all groups while serum toxicity markers SGOT, SGPT showed a non-significant increase in experimental groups. Increase in body and thyroid gland weight as compared to control was seen on treatment with both antithyroidal agents, a greater percentage of increase was seen in thiourea treated group. TPO activity, Na+-K+ATPase activity, serum T3 and T4levels were decreased significantly in both treated groups as compared to normal, with maximum inhibition in the thiourea treated group. Histological plates of BS treated thyroid revealed hypertrophy and thyroid follicular cell disruption with microcytic infiltration. Thiourea treated gland histological plate revealed complete abolition of normal histoarchitecture with marked changes in colloidal area and hyperplasia with folding and papillae on the epithelium.Conclusion: In overall, the data indicate that though the goitrogenic potentiality of BS cannot be considered having similar efficacy to that of thiourea but as a food entity by itself, it has potent antithyroidal activity even in presence of adequate iodine intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploration of Goitrogenic/Antithyroidal Potentiality of Bamboo-Shoots in Relation to Thiourea

Sarkar

Chakraborty

Bhattacharya

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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“…Thiocyanates, which have an inhibitory effect on the thyroid peroxidase, are found in plants of the Brassicaceae family, including cultivars of genus Brassica such as cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts and canola oil, as well as in species, such as edible watercress (Nasturtium officinale) and bittercresses (Cardamine spp. )(Chandra et al, 2013). Furthermore, cyanogenic glycosides, such as those in linseed (Linum usitatissimum) and some tropical plants, such as Manihot spp., bamboo shoots (species of the poaceous tribe Bambuseae), sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas) and lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) have an inhibitory effect on the thyroid peroxidase(Chandra et al, 2004; Farah et al, 2000;Roman, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

European medicinal and edible plants associated with subacute and chronic toxicity part II: Plants with hepato-, neuro-, nephro- and immunotoxic effects

Kristanc

Kreft

2016

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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“…Universal salt iodisation (USI) is recognised as the most promising and sustainable solution to combat the risk of IDDs at the country level (Global Report, 2009).The use of iodized salt has been introduced and still in practice in India for last few decades to minimise the rate of prevalence of IDDs, but the national programme has experienced major setbacks. Many surveys have been conducted during the post-salt iodisation period throughout the country suggest that factor(s) other than iodine defi ciency may be responsible for the persistence of endemic goiter (Chandra et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goitrogenic/antithyroidal potential of moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) of Indian origin on thyroid status in male albino rats

Mondal

Chandra

2019

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Moringa leaves and spinach used as vegetables containing cyanogens and polyphenols having suspected antithyroidal activity; however, detailed studies in this aspect found unavailable. Goitrogenic/antithyroid potentiality of those plant foods of Indian origin was evaluated. To explore the goitrogenic/antithyroid effect of those plant foods cyanogenic glucosides, glucosinolates, thiocyanate and polyphenol content were measured. These plant foods were fed with diet regularly to adult male albino rats for 30 and 60 days respectively, followed by evaluation of morphological and functional status of thyroid,as thyroid gland weight, the activity status of thyroid hormone synthesizing enzymes viz. TPO, Na +-K +-ATPase, deiodinase I, thyroid hormone profiles, thyroid histoarchitecture as well as urinary iodine and thiocyanate. In moringa leaves and spinach fed diet, there was a significant increase in urinary excretion of thiocyanate and iodine, enlargement of thyroid gland along with hypertrophy of thyroid follicles and altered in the activities of thyroid hormone synthesizing enzymes with concomitant changes of thyroid hormone profiles. Effects were more severe in moringa leaves treated group than that of spinach. Biochemical analysis moringa leaves and spinach reveal that those are rich sources of goitrogens and their prolonged consumption gradually developed a relative state of biochemical and morphological hypothyroidism.

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Role of Bamboo-Shoot in the Pathogenesis of Endemic Goiter in Manipur, North East India

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Exploration of Goitrogenic/Antithyroidal Potentiality of Bamboo-Shoots in Relation to Thiourea

Exploration of Goitrogenic/Antithyroidal Potentiality of Bamboo-Shoots in Relation to Thiourea

European medicinal and edible plants associated with subacute and chronic toxicity part II: Plants with hepato-, neuro-, nephro- and immunotoxic effects

Goitrogenic/antithyroidal potential of moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) of Indian origin on thyroid status in male albino rats

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