Role of biogenic amines and cHH in the crustacean hyperglycemic stress response

Abstract

In this study, we investigated (using bioassays and ELISA) the variation of cHH (crustacean hyperglycemic hormone) level in the eyestalks and hemolymph of Palaemon elegans (Rathke) (Decapoda, Caridea) following injection of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) and correlated cHH profile with the variation in amount and time course of glycemia.5-HT induced in P. elegans a rapid and massive release of cHH from the eyestalk into the hemolymph followed by hyperglycemia. On the contrary, DA did not significantly affect cHH release and hyperglycemia. In addition, we measured the level and variation of 5-HT in the eyestalk and hemolymph of P. elegans following copper contamination. The release of 5-HT from the eyestalk is very rapid and dose dependent. In the hemolymph, a peak of 5-HT occurs after 30·min, and again the circulating concentration of 5-HT is dose dependent on copper exposure. After 1·h, the level of 5-HT slowly decreases to basal level.The release of 5-HT from the eyestalk into the hemolymph after copper exposure precedes the release of cHH, confirming its role as a neurotransmitter acting on cHH neuroendocrine cells. The fact that copper induced a rapid and massive release of 5-HT from the eyestalk can explain its demonstrated role in inducing the release of cHH and the consequent hyperglycemia in intact but not eyestalkless animals.

Amylase in the hepatopancreas of a euryhaline burrowingcrab: characteristics and modulation

“…In decapod crustaceans, the maintenance of suitable glucose levels in the hemolymph is essential to support the regular functions of various organs and in responses to environmental stress (Verri et al, 2001;Lorenzon et al, 2005;Dutra et al, 2008). The digestion of glycogenic substrates and absorption of glucose via the hepatopancreas are the main sources of hemolymphatic glucose (Verri et al, 2001;Obi et al, 2011).…”

Serotonin, but not dopamine, controls stress response and anxiety-like behavior in crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.

“…More particularly, the biogenic amines serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) have been involved in fear responses and anxiety in mammals (Bonhomme and Esposito, 1998;Nutt, 2001;Graeff and Zangrossi, 2010;Canteras and Graeff, 2014;Fossat et al, 2014;Zangrossi and Graeff, 2014). In crayfish and other decapods, 5-HT has been shown to control the stress response by raising secretion of crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (CHHs), leading to an increase in blood glucose (Lorenzon et al, 2005;Fossat et al, 2014). DA has been also claimed to have such a role, although conflicting observations have been reported (Sarojini et al, 1995;Zou et al, 2003;Lorenzon et al, 2005).…”

“…In crayfish and other decapods, 5-HT has been shown to control the stress response by raising secretion of crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (CHHs), leading to an increase in blood glucose (Lorenzon et al, 2005;Fossat et al, 2014). DA has been also claimed to have such a role, although conflicting observations have been reported (Sarojini et al, 1995;Zou et al, 2003;Lorenzon et al, 2005). Downstream from the stress response, 5-HT is able to trigger ALB in crayfish (Fossat et al, 2014), but the possible role of DA on this behavior has not yet been investigated.…”

Copper Induced Lysosomal Membrane Destabilisation in Haemolymph Cells of Mediterranean Green Crab (Carcinus aestuarii, Nardo, 1847) from the Narta Lagoon (Albania)

“…Lorenzon et al (2000) reported that heavy metals, such as Cd, Hg and Cu produced significant hyperglycaemic response in blood glucose levels of P. elegans exposed to sub lethal concentrations of these heavy metals. Cu contamination induced variation of serotonin (5-HT) of the eyestalk and haemolymph of P. elegans (Lorenzon et al 2005). The release of 5-HT from the eyestalk into the haemolymph after Cu exposure precedes in its time course the release of crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone (cHH), confirming its role as neurotransmitter acting on cHH neuroendocrine cells.…”