Role of carbonyl sulfide in acute lung injury following limb ischemia/reperfusion in rats

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of carbonyl sulfide (COS) on limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and the associated mechanism in rats.MethodsALI was induced by bilateral hind limb I/R in Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. Sixty-four SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, I/R group, I/R + COS group, and I/R + AIR group. We observed the survival rate of the rats and the morphological changes of lung tissues, and we measured the change in the lung coefficient, the expression levels of the intercellular adhesion factor-1 (ICAM-1) protein in lung tissue, the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-lβ, and interleukin (IL)-6 in both lung tissue and serum, and cell apoptosis.ResultsLimb I/R caused significant lung tissue damage. The number of polymorphonuclear neutrophil in alveolar septa, the expression level of the ICAM-1 protein in lung tissue, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in lung tissue and serum, the lung coefficient, and cell apoptosis all increased. When a low dose of COS gas was administered prior to limb I/R, the variation of the above indicators was significantly reduced, while an increase in the dose of COS did not reduce the lung injury but rather increased the mortality rate.ConclusionCarbonyl sulfide is another new gaseous signaling molecule, and a low dose of exogenous COS may play a protective role in I/R-induced ALI by acting as an anti-inflammatory agent by promoting the production of antioxidants and by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecule proteins.

Electroacupuncture pre‑conditioning protects from lung injury induced by limb ischemia/reperfusion through TLR4 and NF‑κB in rats

“…Inflammatory factors in the ischemic area and the extensive release of oxygen free radicals cause damage to distal organs and the lung is particularly susceptible to acute injury (22). Previous studies on animal models have demonstrated that the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8, are significantly increased after limb i/r (23)(24)(25). The occurrence of acute lung injury is closely related to the activation of various inflammatory factors; the extensive release of inflammatory cytokines is one of the most important factors that ultimately leads to the onset of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (24).…”

<p>Electro-Acupuncture on ST36 and SP6 Acupoints Ameliorates Lung Injury via Sciatic Nerve in a Rat Model of Limb Ischemia-Reperfusion</p>

“…It was found in the physical experiment that cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 were significantly changed when I/R was applied to limbs. 10 − 12 Therefore, the occurrence of acute lung injury is closely related to the activation of inflammatory factors.…”

Protective effects of HO‐1 pathway on lung injury subsequent to limb ischemia reperfusion

“…Growing evidence shows that endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induces the cell dysfunction following reperfusion . There is an evidence showing that carbonyl sulfide as a biological gas signaling molecule has the protective effect on lung injury after LIR . HO family has two distinct isoforms.…”

“…28 There is an evidence showing that carbonyl sulfide as a biological gas signaling molecule has the protective effect on lung injury after LIR. 29 HO family has two distinct isoforms. HO-1 expression is stimuli inducible but HO-2 shows constitutive expression.…”