Role of cigarette smoking in urological malignancies and clinical interventions for smoking cessation

Sosnowski, Roman; Bjurlin, Marc A.; Verze, Paolo; Nunzio, Cosimo De; Shariat, Shahrokh F.; Brausi, Maurizio; Donin, Nicholas M.

doi:10.5173/ceju.2016.883

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Cigarette smoking is considered one of the greatest risk factors in the development of cardiovascular disease and is a potent metabolic stimulator in the progression of various types of cancer, including prostate cancer (1). Studies indicate that secondhand or sidestream smoke contains higher concentrations of toxic components than mainstream smoke, and secondhand smoke exposure is a factor in the development of smoking-related diseases (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of cigarette smoke and aerobic physical training on histological and molecular markers of prostate health in rats

Veras

Baptista

Santos

et al. 2020

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Recent evidence suggests that aerobic physical training may attenuate the deleterious effects of cancer risk factors, including smoking. We investigated the effects of cigarette smoke inhalation and aerobic physical training on the expression of steroid receptors and inflammatory and apoptotic proteins in the prostate. Forty male Wistar rats were distributed in four groups: control (CO), exercise (EXE), cigarette smoke exposure (CS), and cigarette smoke exposure with exercise (CS+EXE). For eight weeks, animals were repeatedly exposed to cigarette smoke for 30 min or performed aerobic physical training either with or without the cigarette smoke inhalation protocol. Following these experiments, we analyzed prostate epithelial morphology and prostatic expression of androgen (AR) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2), BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) via immunohistochemistry. Cigarette smoke exposure stimulated the expression of AR, IGF-1, BCL-2, and NF-kB while downregulating BAX, IL-6, and TNF-a labeling in the prostate. In contrast, aerobic physical training attenuated cigarette smoke-induced changes in AR, GR, IGF-1, BCL-2, IL-6, TNF-a, and NF-kB. This suggests that cigarette smoke stimulates inflammation and reduces apoptosis, culminating in increased prostatic epithelial and extracellular matrices, whereas physical training promoted beneficial effects towards maintaining normal prostate morphology and protein levels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of cigarette smoke and aerobic physical training on histological and molecular markers of prostate health in rats

Veras

Baptista

Santos

et al. 2020

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…Current smoking at the time of UCB diagnosis is associated with an additional 24% increase in the recurrence risk compared to a history of smoking in the past. Urological advice and assistance in quitting smoking are suboptimal, despite the fact of their relevance and efficacy (Sosnowski et al 2016 ). A prospective trial showed that a short 5 min brief smoking cessation intervention increased the rate of UBC patients who quit smoking (12.1 vs 2.6%) compared to patients under usual care (Bjurlin et al 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of smoking on recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ślusarczyk

Zapała

et al. 2022

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Objectives Although smoking is a well-recognized causative factor of urothelial bladder cancer and accounts for 50% of cases, less is known about the prognostic significance of smoking on non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) prognosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking on the risk of NMIBC recurrence and progression. Materials and methods We systematically searched Medline, Web of Science and Scopus databases for original articles published before October 2021 regarding the effect of smoking on NMIBC recurrence and progression. Information about smoking status and the number of events or odds ratio or hazard ratio for event-free survival must have been reported to include the study in the analysis. Quality In Prognosis Studies tool was utilized for the risk of bias assessment. Results We selected 64 eligible studies, including 28 617 patients with NMIBC with available data on smoking status. In a meta-analysis of 28 studies with 7885 patients, we found that smokers (current/former) were at higher risk for recurrence (OR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.34–2.09; P < 0.0001) compared to never smokers. Subgroup analysis of 2967 patients revealed that current smokers were at a 1.24 higher risk of recurrence (OR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.02–1.50; P = 0.03) compared to former smokers. A meta-analysis of the hazard ratio revealed that smokers are at higher risk of recurrence (HR = 1.31; 95%CI 1.15–1.48; P < 0.0001) and progression (HR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.08–1.29; P < 0.001) compared to never smokers. Detrimental prognostic effect of smoking on progression, but not for recurrence risk was also noted in the subgroup analysis of high-risk patients (HR = 1.30; 95%CI 1.09–1.55; P = 0.004) and BCG-treated ones (HR = 1.15; 95%CI 1.06–1.25; P < 0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and a history of smoking have a worse prognosis regarding recurrence-free and progression-free survival compared to non-smokers.

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“…6 Quitting after a diagnosis can improve cancer, quality-of-life, and all-cause mortality outcomes. [7][8][9][10][11] Improving how and how often urologists help patients to quit tobacco will improve patient health outcomes. 12 Tobacco use screening and treatment with combination behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy are evidencebased practices (EBPs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a multilevel implementation strategy to facilitate the screening and treatment of tobacco use in the outpatient urology clinic: A prospective hybrid type I study

Matulewicz

Bassett

Kwan

et al. 2021

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: Urologists frequently treat patients for tobacco-related conditions but infrequently engage in evidence-based practices (EBPs) that screen for and treat tobacco use. Improving the use of EBPs will help to identify smokers, promote cessation, and improve patients' health outcomes. METHODS: A prospective type I hybrid effectiveness-implementation study was performed to test the feasibility and effectiveness of using a multilevel implementation strategy to improve the use of tobacco EBPs. All urology providers at outpatient urology clinics within the Veterans Health Administration Greater Los Angeles and all patients presenting for a new urology consultation were included. The primary outcome was whether a patient was screened for tobacco use at the time of consultation. Secondary outcomes included a patient's willingness to quit, chosen quit strategy, and subsequent engagement in quit attempts. RESULTS: In total, 5706 consecutive veterans were seen for a new consultation during the 30-month study period. Thirty-six percent of all visits were for a tobacco-related urologic diagnosis. The percentage of visits that included tobacco use screening increased from 18% (before implementation) to 57% in the implementation phase and to 60% during the maintenance phase. There was significant provider-level variation in adherence to screening. Of all screened patients, 38% were willing to quit, and most patients chose a "cold turkey" method; 22% of the patients elected referral to a formal smoking cessation clinic, and 24% chose telephone counseling. Among those willing to quit, 39% and 49% made a formal quit attempt by 3 and 6 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A strategy that includes provider education and a customized clinical decision support tool can facilitate provider use of tobacco EBPs in a surgery subspecialty clinic.

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Role of cigarette smoking in urological malignancies and clinical interventions for smoking cessation

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of cigarette smoke and aerobic physical training on histological and molecular markers of prostate health in rats

Impact of cigarette smoke and aerobic physical training on histological and molecular markers of prostate health in rats

The impact of smoking on recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Using a multilevel implementation strategy to facilitate the screening and treatment of tobacco use in the outpatient urology clinic: A prospective hybrid type I study

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