Role of circRNAs in viral infection and their significance for diagnosis and treatment (Review)

Mo, Yuyao; Liu, Yuze; Lu, Anni; Zhang, Hanyi; Tang, Lijun

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2021.4921

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Although SARS-CoV-2, RBCs, and platelets lack nucleus, they have their own translation machine including mRNAs, miRNAs, TFs, and proteins may interact with human translation machine in such way that manipulate the cell cycle and homeostasis. For example, it was found that Coronavirus silenced the cell cycle at S phase [ 15 , 16 ]. In this aspect, mRNAs and miRNAs enable in RBCs and platelets to synthesize protein and regulate their function including response to oxidative stress and iron availability as in case of SARS-CoV-2-induced hypoxia and inflammation [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial-Methylated HeyL Promoter Predicts the Severe Illness in Egyptian COVID-19 Patients

et al. 2022

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Background. To date (14 January 2022), the incidence and related mortality rate of COVID-19 in America, Europe, and Asia despite administrated of billions doses of many approved vaccines are still higher than in Egypt. Epigenetic alterations mediate the effects of environmental factors on the regulation of genetic material causing many diseases. Objective. We aimed to explore the methylation status of HeyL promoter, a downstream transcription factor in Notch signal, an important regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation blood, pulmonary epithelial, and nerves cells. Methods. Our objective was achieved by DNA sequencing of the product from methyl-specific PCR of HeyL promoter after bisulfite modification of DNA extracted from the blood samples of 30 COVID-19 patients and 20 control health subjects and studying its association with clinical-pathological biomarkers. Results. We found that the HeyL promoter was partial-methylated in Egyptian COVID-19 patients and control healthy subjects compared to full methylated one that was published in GenBank. We identified unmethylated CpG (TG) flanking the response elements within HeyL promoter in Egyptian COVID-19 patients and control healthy subjects vs. methylated CpG (CG) in reference sequence (GenBank). Also, we observed that the frequency of partial-methylated HeyL promoter was higher in COVID-19 patients and associated with aging, fever, severe pneumonia, ageusia/anosmia, and dry cough compared to control healthy subjects. Conclusion. We concluded that hypomethylated HeyL promoter in Egyptian population may facilitate the binding of transcription factors to their binding sites, thus enhancing its regulatory action on the blood, pulmonary epithelium, and nerves cells in contrast to full methylated one that was published in GenBank; thus, addition of demethylating agents to the treatment protocol of COVID-19 may improve the clinical outcomes. Administration of therapy must be based on determination of methylation status of HeyL, a novel prognostic marker for severe illness in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial-Methylated HeyL Promoter Predicts the Severe Illness in Egyptian COVID-19 Patients

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, at these five important time points, we found 37 common differentially upregulated or downregulated genes, Among these common differential gene, the IL-8,SOCS3, NFKBIA, CCL4, NFAIP3, and TNIP2, which are associated with immune signaling pathways. Especially, TNFAIP3 belong to tumor necrosis factor were influenced during FAdV-4 infection process and play vital roles in the inflammatory response ( 21 , 22 ). However, IL-8 uncontrolled expression can cause several inflammatory responses infected tissues and ultimately lead to death ( 23 , 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Responding to Infection of Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cells With Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4

et al. 2022

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Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) is a highly pathogenic virus with a broad host range that causes huge economic losses for the poultry industry worldwide. RNA sequencing has provided valuable and important mechanistic clues regarding FAdV-4–host interactions. However, the pathogenic mechanism and host's responses after FAdV-4 infection remains limited. In this study, we used transcriptome analysis to identify dynamic changes in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at five characteristic stages (12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h) post infection (hpi) with FAdV-4. A total of 8,242 DEGs were identified based on comparison of five infection stages: 0 and 12, 12 and 24, 24 and 36, 36 and 48, and 48 and 60 hpi. In addition, at these five important time points, we found 37 common upregulated or downregulated DEGs, suggesting a common role for these genes in host response to viral infection. The predicted function of these DEGs using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses revealed that these DEGs were associated with viral invasion, host metabolic pathways and host immunosuppression. Interestingly, genes involved in viral invasion, probably EGR1, SOCS3, and THBS1, were related to FAdV-4 infection. Validation of nine randomly selected DEGs using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR produced results that were highly consistent with those of RNA sequencing. This transcriptomic profiling provides valuable information for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying host–FAdV-4 interactions. These data support the current molecular knowledge regarding FAdV-4 infection and chicken defense mechanisms.

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“…Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have also been implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 126 , 127 , 128 ]. Like miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs, but lncRNAs are typically 1000–10,000 residues in length, and circRNAs are circular RNAs processed by back splicing [ 129 , 130 ].…”

Section: Ace2 Gene Regulation Mediated By Mirnas Lncrnas and Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison analysis between normal human bronchial epithelial cells and SARS-CoV-2 infected cells identified several differentially expressed lncRNAs, and the differences of the expression were also confirmed among COVID-19 patients [ 126 ]. Involvement of circRNAs in several viral infections such as hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus were recently reported [ 128 ]. For infection of SARS-CoV-2, the two circRNAs, Ppp1r10 and C330019G07RiK, were reported as a part of quintuple competing endogenous RNA networks consisting of miRNA, lncRNA, circRNAs, mRNA, and transcription factor by in silico study [ 127 ].…”

Section: Ace2 Gene Regulation Mediated By Mirnas Lncrnas and Circrnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19 Pathogenesis

et al. 2021

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In 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. With the advancing development of COVID-19 vaccines and their administration globally, it is expected that COVID-19 will converge in the future; however, the situation remains unpredictable because of a series of reports regarding SARS-CoV-2 variants. Currently, there are still few specific effective treatments for COVID-19, as many unanswered questions remain regarding the pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19. Continued elucidation of COVID-19 pathogenic mechanisms is a matter of global importance. In this regard, recent reports have suggested that epigenetics plays an important role; for instance, the expression of angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, an important factor in human infection with SARS-CoV-2, is epigenetically regulated; further, DNA methylation status is reported to be unique to patients with COVID-19. In this review, we focus on epigenetic mechanisms to provide a new molecular framework for elucidating the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and of COVID-19, along with the possibility of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

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Role of circRNAs in viral infection and their significance for diagnosis and treatment (Review)

Cited by 18 publications

References 98 publications

Partial-Methylated HeyL Promoter Predicts the Severe Illness in Egyptian COVID-19 Patients

Partial-Methylated HeyL Promoter Predicts the Severe Illness in Egyptian COVID-19 Patients

Transcriptome Analysis of Genes Responding to Infection of Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cells With Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4

Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19 Pathogenesis

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