Role of Delayed Nonsynaptic Neuronal Plasticity in Long-Term Associative Memory

Kemenes, Ildikó; Straub, Volker; Никитин, Е. С.; Staras, Kevin; O’Shea, Michael; Kemenes, György; Benjamin, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.049

Cited by 98 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It can occur rapidly, and the memories following learning can persist for long periods of time. In many of these preparations, the properties of identified neurons and networks that participate in the feeding behavior are amenable to cellular analysis and the relevant features of the neuronal activity and learning are readily expressed in vitro (e.g., Kemenes et al 2006;Straub et al 2006). Thus, studies of learning in gastropods offer an opportunity to determine the cellular mechanisms and to gain key insights into processes that may also contribute to learning in vertebrates, including man.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding behavior of Aplysia: A model system for comparing cellular mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning

Baxter¹,

Byrne²

2006

Learn. Mem.

101

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Feeding behavior of Aplysia provides an excellent model system for analyzing and comparing mechanisms underlying appetitive classical conditioning and reward operant conditioning. Behavioral protocols have been developed for both forms of associative learning, both of which increase the occurrence of biting following training. Because the neural circuitry that mediates the behavior is well characterized and amenable to detailed cellular analyses, substantial progress has been made toward a comparative analysis of the cellular mechanisms underlying these two forms of associative learning. Both forms of associative learning use the same reinforcement pathway (the esophageal nerve, En) and the same reinforcement transmitter (dopamine, DA). In addition, at least one cellular locus of plasticity (cell B51) is modified by both forms of associative learning. However, the two forms of associative learning have opposite effects on B51. Classical conditioning decreases the excitability of B51, whereas operant conditioning increases the excitability of B51. Thus, the approach of using two forms of associative learning to modify a single behavior, which is mediated by an analytically tractable neural circuit, is revealing similarities and differences in the mechanisms that underlie classical and operant conditioning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding behavior of Aplysia: A model system for comparing cellular mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning

Baxter¹,

Byrne²

2006

Learn. Mem.

101

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“…Lymnaea stagnalis snails have been used extensively for the analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms of locomotion (Syed and Winlow, 1991b;Pavlova, 2010;Longley and Peterman, 2013), feeding (Benjamin and Rose, 1979;Elliott and Benjamin, 1989;Kemenes and Elliott, 1994;Staras et al, 1998Staras et al, , 2003Alania et al, 2004;Vehovszky et al, 2005;Vavoulis et al, 2007;Chistopolsky and Dyakonova, 2012), respiration (Syed and Winlow, 1991a,b;Tsyganov et al, 2004;Bell et al, 2007), learning and memory (Kemenes et al, 1997(Kemenes et al, , 2002Kojima et al, 1997;Spencer et al, 1999;Staras et al, 1998;Jones et al, 2003;Sangha et al, 2003;Kemenes et al, 2006;Nikitin et al, 2008;Marra et al, 2013;Mita et al, 2014;Naskar et al, 2014), and decision making (Pirger et al, 2014;Crossley et al, 2016). There are also approaches that have been developed only in this organism, particularly the studies at the single-cell level of freshly isolated, not cultured, neurons (Dyakonova et al, 2009(Dyakonova et al, , 2015Dyakonova and Dyakonova, 2010), and experimental tests of an extracellular chemical microenvironment that has been demonstrated to play a prominent 'socializing' role in adjusting single-cell physiology to the network state (Dyakonova et al, 2015).…”

Section: Risky Decision Making By Snails In a Vital Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous motor activity affects transition from uncertainty to decision-making in snails

Korshunova

Vorontsov

Dyakonova

2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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One of the most widely accepted benefits of enhanced physical activity is an improvement in the symptoms of depression, including the facilitation of decision making. Up until now, these effects have been shown in rodents and humans only. Little is known about their evolutionary origin or biological basis, and the underlying cellular mechanisms also remain relatively elusive. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that preceding motor activity accelerates decision making in an invertebrate, the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. To investigate decision making in a novel environment, snails, which normally live in water, were placed on a flat dry surface to simulate the potentially threatening consequence of being in an arid environment. This stimulus initiated two distinct phases in snail behaviour: slow circular movements, followed by intense locomotion in a chosen direction. The first phase was prolonged when the test arena was symmetrically lit, compared with one with an apparent gradient of light. However, forced muscular locomotion for 2 h prior to the test promoted the transition from random circular motions to a directional crawl, accompanied by an increase in crawling speed but with no effect on the choice of direction. Intense locomotion for 2 h also produced a strong excitatory effect on the activity of serotonergic neurons in L. stagnalis. Our results suggest that the beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognitive performance in mammals might have deep roots in evolution, granting the opportunity to unravel the origins of such effects at the single-neuron and network levels.

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“…However, this is somewhat unlikely given that persistent spiking activity is not observed neither in calcium imaging, nor in electrophysiological recordings [4,10]. Another alternative hypothesis would be changes in neuronal properties of involved PNs or LNs, as has been observed in the snail feeding system [9]. The most likely substrate, however, are synaptic changes either between ORNs and PNs, as assumed here, or in the local network of the AL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…with probability p + if y i = 1 and x j = 1 0 with probability p − if y i = 1 and x j = 0 w ij (t) otherwise (9) It is straightforward to see that if the same patternx = (x j ) is applied repeatedly and paired with an activation of y i , then, eventually, the connectivity will equal x, i.e. w ij =x j for all j [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Input-Modulation as an Alternative to Conventional Learning Strategies

Yavuz

Nowotny

2016

Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning – ICANN 2016

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Abstract. Animals use various strategies for learning stimulus-reward associations. Computational methods that mimic animal behaviour most commonly interpret learning as a high level phenomenon, in which the pairing of stimulus and reward leads to plastic changes in the final output layers where action selection takes place. Here, we present an alternative input-modulation strategy for forming simple stimulus-response associations based on reward. Our model is motivated by experimental evidence on modulation of early brain regions by reward signalling in the honeybee. The model can successfully discriminate dissimilar odours and generalise across similar odours, like bees do. In the most simplified connectionist description, the new input-modulation learning is shown to be asymptotically equivalent to the standard perceptron.

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Role of Delayed Nonsynaptic Neuronal Plasticity in Long-Term Associative Memory

Abstract: We show that nonsynaptic plasticity in an extrinsic modulatory neuron encodes information that enables the expression of long-term associative memory, and we describe how this information can be translated into modified network and behavioral output.

Cited by 98 publications

References 53 publications

Feeding behavior of Aplysia: A model system for comparing cellular mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning

Feeding behavior of Aplysia: A model system for comparing cellular mechanisms of classical and operant conditioning

Previous motor activity affects transition from uncertainty to decision-making in snails

Input-Modulation as an Alternative to Conventional Learning Strategies

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