Role of ellagic acid for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases

Abstract

Globally, one of the alarming problems is the prevalence and burden of liver diseases, which accounts for 2 million cases per year. Chronic liver aetiologies such as hepatitis infections, alcoholic or non-alcoholic liver disease, environmental agents, and druginduced toxicity are invariably responsible for liver fibrosis progression to finally hepatocellular carcinoma. Current treatment options are unable to overwhelm and cure liver diseases. Emerging findings suggest researchers' interest in using evidencebased complementary medicine such as ellagic acid with extensive pharmacological properties. They include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidaemic, antiviral, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer activity. The molecular functions elicited by ellagic acid include scavenging of free radicals, regulation of lipid metabolism, the prohibition of fibrogenesis response-mediating proteins, inhibits hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts, restrains hepatic viral replication, facilitates suppression of growth factors, regulates transcription factors, proinflammatory cytokines, augments the liver immune response, fosters apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation in tumorigenic cells. This review will most notably focus on preclinical and clinical information based on currently available evidence to warrant ellagic acid's prospective role in preventing liver diseases.

Dietary ellagic acid ameliorated Clostridium perfringens-induced subclinical necrotic enteritis in broilers via regulating inflammation and cecal microbiota

“…With banning of antibiotics, various strategies have been used against SNE in broiler; apart from organic acids [ 9 ], polysaccharides [ 10 ], vaccines [ 11 ], prebiotics [ 8 ] and probiotics [ 7 ], extracts from natural plants have been demonstrated to be effective for its protection on broiler health [ 12 ]. Ellagic acid (EA) is a chromene-dione derivative (2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-chromeno [5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione; C 14 H 6 O 8 ) extracted from various fruits, nuts, vegetables and herbs [ 13 ]. EA possesses numerous pharmacological functions, including anti-oxidation [ 14 ], anti-inflammation [ 15 , 16 ], anti-cancer [ 13 ] and anti-metabolic syndrome [ 17 ].…”

“…Ellagic acid (EA) is a chromene-dione derivative (2,3,7,8-tetrahydroxy-chromeno [5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione; C 14 H 6 O 8 ) extracted from various fruits, nuts, vegetables and herbs [ 13 ]. EA possesses numerous pharmacological functions, including anti-oxidation [ 14 ], anti-inflammation [ 15 , 16 ], anti-cancer [ 13 ] and anti-metabolic syndrome [ 17 ]. In rats, EA exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions against streptozotocin -induced diabetic nephropathy via reducing the activation of NF-κB and increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 to up-regulate the activities of GSH, γ-GCL and SOD [ 18 ].…”

Ellagic Acid: A Dietary-Derived Phenolic Compound for Drug Discovery in Mild Cognitive Impairment

“…In fact, EA is predominately detected as ester-linked to sugars in the composition of hydrolyzable tannins that are called ellagitannins ( Long et al, 2019 ). For instance, a strawberry yield 70 mg of ellagitannins, approximately 100 g of raspberry produces 300 mg of ellagitannins, and four walnuts produce 400 mg of ellagitannins ( Aishwarya et al, 2021 ). Nevertheless, free EA is present in significant amounts in kakadu plums, raspberry fruit, and pomegranate.…”

Dietary Ellagic Acid Ameliorated Clostridium Perfringens-Induced Subclinical Necrotizing Enteritis In Broilers Via Regulating Inflammation Signaling Pathways And Cecal Microbiota to Inhibit Intestinal Barrier Damage

“…Ellagic acid (EA) is a chromene-dione derivative (2,3,7,8tetrahydroxy-chromeno [5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione; C14H6O8) extracted from various fruits, nuts, vegetables, and herbs [13]. EA possesses numerous pharmacological activities, including antioxidant activities [14], anti-in ammatory activities [15,16], anti-cancer activities [13], and anti-metabolic syndrome activities [17]. In rats, EA exerted anti-in ammatory and antioxidant functions against streptozotocin -induced diabetic nephropathy via reduced the activation of NF-κB and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 to up-regulate GSH, γ-GCL, and SOD activities [18].…”

“…With banning of antibiotics, various strategies have been used against SNE in broiler; apart from organic acids [9], polysaccharides [10], vaccines [11], prebiotics [8], and probiotics [7], plant extracts have been demonstrated to be effective for its protection on broiler health [12]. Ellagic acid (EA) is a chromene-dione derivative (2,3,7,8tetrahydroxy-chromeno [5,4,3-cde]chromene-5,10-dione; C14H6O8) extracted from various fruits, nuts, vegetables, and herbs [13]. EA possesses numerous pharmacological activities, including antioxidant activities [14], anti-in ammatory activities [15,16], anti-cancer activities [13], and anti-metabolic syndrome activities [17].…”