Role of Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

Noncoding RNAs are emerging biomarkers for many diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study aimed to measure the expression levels of serum miR‐20b, miR‐17‐3p, HOTAIR, and MALAT1 in DR patients. A total of 80 patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 81 healthy subjects were recruited in this study. T2D patients were divided into three groups: nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) group (30 patients), nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) group (30 patients), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (20 patients). Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to assess the expression of serum miR‐20b, miR‐17‐3p, HOTAIR, and MALAT1. We found a significant decrease in serum miR‐20b and a significant increase in serum HOTAIR and MALAT1 in NDR patients compared to healthy subjects. Also, we revealed a significant decrease in serum miR‐20b and miR‐17‐3p and a significant increase in serum HOTAIR and MALAT1 in each of NPDR and PDR groups when compared with healthy subjects. Furthermore, we reported a significant decrease in miR‐20b and miR‐17‐3p and a significant increase in HOTAIR and MALAT1in DR as well as in PDR patients when compared with NDR patients. However, on comparing NPDR with NDR patients, no significant difference was observed regarding the expression levels of miR‐20b and miR‐17‐3p, in contrast, significant elevation of serum HOTAIR and MALAT1 was found in NPDR. Moreover, we observed a significant decrease in serum miR‐20b and miR‐17‐3p and a significant increase in serum HOTAIR and MALAT1 in PDR group relative to NPDR group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used for evaluating the diagnostic value of the examined serum noncoding RNAs as novel biochemical indicators detecting severity of DR. Our analyses suggested that the examined serum noncoding RNAs may discriminate DR (PDR and NPDR) from NDR. Furthermore, these noncoding RNAs (less importantly miR‐17) can be used as promising novel biomarkers for prediction DR severity, distinguishing PDR from NPDR patients. We can conclude that serum miR‐20b, miR‐17‐3p, HOTAIR, and MALAT1 may be used as noninvasive biomarkers for screening of DR and early diagnosis of PDR. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(3):310–320, 2019

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“…DR is one of the microvascular complications in diabetic patients and it is considered as the main cause of new‐onset blindness .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DR is one of the microvascular complications in diabetic patients and it is considered as the main cause of new-onset blindness (29). Effective treatment of DR may be achieved by early diagnosis that leads to prevention of the progression to blindness (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic and prognostic role of serum miR‐20b, miR‐17‐3p, HOTAIR, and MALAT1 in diabetic retinopathy

et al. 2018

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“…Siasos et al [27] reported a significant association between diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy and vascular dysfunction, indicating that these conditions coexist in diabetic patients. In another study Antonopoulos et al reported [28] that both brachial FMD and AIx are strongly and independently associated with DFS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arterial stiffness, endothelial and cognitive function in subjects with type 2 diabetes in accordance with absence or presence of diabetic foot syndrome

Tuttolomondo

Casuccio

Guercio

et al. 2017

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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BackgroundEndothelial dysfunction is an early marker of cardiovascular disease so endothelial and arterial stiffness indexes are good indicators of vascular health. We aimed to assess whether the presence of diabetic foot is associated with arterial stiffness and endothelial function impairment.MethodsWe studied 50 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) compared to 50 diabetic subjects without diabetic foot, and 53 patients without diabetes mellitus, by means of the mini mental state examination (MMSE) administered to evaluate cognitive performance. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix) were also evaluated by Applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor version 7.1), and the RH-PAT data were digitally analyzed online by Endo-PAT2000 using reactive hyperemia index (RHI) values.ResultsIn comparison to diabetic subjects without diabetic foot the subjects with diabetic foot had higher mean values of PWV, lower mean values of RHI, and lower mean MMSE. At multinomial logistic regression PWV and RHI were significantly associated with diabetic foot presence, whereas ROC curve analysis had good sensitivity and specificity in arterial PWV and RHI for diabetic foot presence.ConclusionsPulse wave velocity and augmentation index, mean RHI values, and mean MMSE were effective indicators of diabetic foot. Future research could address these issues by means of longitudinal studies to evaluate cardiovascular event incidence in relation to arterial stiffness, endothelial and cognitive markers.

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“…Finally, it has been previously shown that patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy featured significantly greater PWV compared to those having either background diabetic retinopathy or a normal fundoscopy, after adjustment for other risk factors . In a more recent study, it was demonstrated that arterial stiffness evolves as a determinant of the presence and severity of diabetic retinopathy among patients with T2DM, increasing the odds for both non‐proliferative (OR: 1.10, 95% CI 1.03‐1.17) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (OR: 1.15, 95% CI 1.06‐1.25) …”

Section: Arterial Stiffness and Microvascular Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prognostic value of arterial stiffness measurements in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and its complications: The potential role of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors

Patoulias

Papadopoulos

Stavropoulos

et al. 2020

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) constitutes a global pandemic, representing the 7th cause of death worldwide. Morbidity and mortality of patients with T2DM are gradually increasing, while prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among these patients is almost 14% greater compared to the general population. Arterial stiffness is nowadays a valuable biomarker of CVD and a promising treatment target in specific patient groups, including those suffering from T2DM. Despite that fact, design of the available studies cannot prove causal relationship. Recently, a new antidiabetic drug class, namely sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, has attracted scientific interest, due to their multiple, beneficial, pleiotropic effects, especially those focused on CVD. There is limited relevant literature concerning the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on arterial stiffness, while retrieved results might be considered as conflicting. The aim of the present review article is to summarize acquired knowledge regarding the prognostic role of arterial stiffness in T2DM, along with the presentation of retrieved data on the potential role of SGLT-2 inhibitors. | 563 PATOULIAS eT AL.

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Role of Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy

Cited by 51 publications

References 6 publications

Diagnostic and prognostic role of serum miR‐20b, miR‐17‐3p, HOTAIR, and MALAT1 in diabetic retinopathy

Diagnostic and prognostic role of serum miR‐20b, miR‐17‐3p, HOTAIR, and MALAT1 in diabetic retinopathy

Arterial stiffness, endothelial and cognitive function in subjects with type 2 diabetes in accordance with absence or presence of diabetic foot syndrome

Prognostic value of arterial stiffness measurements in cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and its complications: The potential role of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors

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