2003
DOI: 10.1080/0960312031000098053
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Role of environmental pollutants on immune functions, parasitic infections and limb malformations in marine toads and whistling frogs from Bermuda

Abstract: Soil, water, and amphibian tissues collected between 1995 and 1999 from 15 study sites in Bermuda were analysed for pesticides and heavy metals. The most abundant pesticide residue in soil was p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) which was found at all sites in concentrations ranging from 0.003 to 4.023 p.p.m. No pesticide residues were found in water. DDE was also recovered from the livers and fat bodies of marine toads (Bufo marinus) and whistling frogs (Eleutherodactylus johnstonei). Analyses of food… Show more

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Cited by 78 publications
(62 citation statements)
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“…Parasites that cause limb deformities (Johnson et al, 1999;Johnson et al, 2007;Kiesecker, 2002;Linzey et al, 2003) or other malformations (Rajakaruna et al, 2008) may not cause death of the infected host but may limit the reproductive potential of males, which need functioning limbs to copulate with females. The main point is, disease does not necessarily lead to death, but may inhibit or even totally prevent adults from reproducing.…”
Section: Pathogens Affect Recruitmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Parasites that cause limb deformities (Johnson et al, 1999;Johnson et al, 2007;Kiesecker, 2002;Linzey et al, 2003) or other malformations (Rajakaruna et al, 2008) may not cause death of the infected host but may limit the reproductive potential of males, which need functioning limbs to copulate with females. The main point is, disease does not necessarily lead to death, but may inhibit or even totally prevent adults from reproducing.…”
Section: Pathogens Affect Recruitmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The high lipid-somatic index (2 to 10% compared to less than 0.1% in most anuran species after the spawning period) and the elevated hepatosomatic index (Feder & Burggren 1992) along with its breeding biology make this species prone to bioaccumulation of organic and inorganic pollutants and their toxicological effects (Sparling et al, 2010;Linder et al, 2003). Recently, the giant toad has been used as an aquatic ecosystem biomonitor in the evaluation of air pollution (Dohm et al, 2008), infectious diseases (Zupanovic et al, 1998), organochlorine pesticides (Linzey et al, 2003) and endocrine disruptors (McCoy et al, 2008).…”
Section: Giant Toadsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Em anfíbios, como nos demais vertebrados, o fígado tem como principal função a detoxificação do organismo, sendo um dos órgãos mais afetados pela presença de compostos químicos no ambiente (Vogiatzis & Loumbourdis 2001;Williams & Iatropoulos 2002). O fígado de um indivíduo exposto à contaminação sofre excesso de trabalho de detoxificação e pode apresentar aumento no número ou tamanho das células, alterações no metabolismo celular, acúmulo de poluentes, desenvolvimento de fibroses e granulomas (Williams & Iatropoulos 2002;Linzey et al 2003;Boncompagni et al 2004;Păunescu et al 2010 …”
Section: Análises Químicasunclassified
“…No nível individual, o contato com contaminantes pode levar a uma redução na imunocompetência e consequente aumento de infecção por parasitas (Carey et al 1999;Linzey et al 2003;Rohr et al 2008;Rollins-Smith et al 2011). Uma redução na taxa de ingestão de alimentos também foi observada em indivíduos expostos a contaminantes (Brodeur et al 2012), o que pode prejudicar o estado fisiológico e nutricional do indivíduo, reduzindo sua condição física (Jakob et al 1996).…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
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