Role of Facts Devices in Power System With Optimization Techniques

Abstract

In electrical power systems, FACTS devices effectively control power flow and change bus voltages, leading to lower system losses and excellent system stability. The article discusses the research from the last decade that evaluated various methods for placing FACTS devices using the meta-heuristic approach to address the positioning of Facts devices to maintain proper bus voltages and control line flow and improve the overall system efficiency. Several models and techniques suggest that devices can be placed in a particular location with different parameter settings. Finally, the optimization problem improved system performance by decreasing power loss, improving the voltage profile and power angle at each bus, raising the L-index, and minimizing generating costs. FACTS devices can increase the transmission line’s capacity for transferring power by increasing the voltage at its terminals at both ends and reducing line reactance. The FACTS controller must be installed in the distribution and transmission lines to maximize the power flow. Various techniques are used for the best placement of FACTS controllers, including analytical methods, arithmetic programming approaches, meta-heuristic optimization approaches, and hybrid approaches—this paper analyses numerous analytical and meta-heuristic optimization techniques to place FACTS controllers in the most advantageous locations. The fundamental problems in intelligent power systems, such as improving stability, power quality, and managing congestion, are discussed in this study, along with several applications of FACTS devices. The cutting-edge power systems of today provide users with constant, high-quality power through smart grids and smart meters. The motivation for the review