Role of fish oil in human health and possible mechanism to reduce the inflammation

Ellulu, Mohammed S.; Khaza’ai, Huzwah; Abed, Yacine; Rahmat, Asmah; Ismail, Patimah; Ranneh, Yazan

doi:10.1007/s10787-015-0228-1

Cited by 97 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…[1][2][3] A high ratio of dietary n-6/n-3 (omega-6/omega-3) has been reported around the world, reaching ratios between 15:1 and 20:1, while the recommended value is between 2:1 and 1:1. 4 This imbalance in the n-6/n-3 ratios is the result of an excess intake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) from corn, soybean, and sunflower oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Diet Supplemented with Japanese Grape (Hovenia dulcis) Seed Oil on the Omega-3 and Nutritional Lipid Quality in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Oliveira¹,

Ribeiro²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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In this study, the fatty acid (FA) composition of the Japanese grape (Hovenia dulcis) seed oil (JGSO) was firstly evaluated. It was found that the seed oil is rich in alpha-linolenic acid (LNA), containing approximately 425 mg LNA g -1 of total lipids. A fish diet supplemented with JGSO was prepared and supplied to Nile tilapia to investigate the FA composition of the fillets. For this, Nile tilapia were submitted to two feeding treatments: a control diet with 4.2% of soybean oil, and a diet supplemented with 4.2% of JGSO. The LNA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) values increased significantly (406, 153 and 126%, respectively) with JGSO in the diet and with an increase in feeding time, while the nutritional quality indexes, n-6/n-3 ratio and index of thrombogenicity, decreased 2.8 and 1.4 times, respectively. Thus, the replacement JGSO in the diet raised the nutritional lipid quality in Nile tilapia.Keywords: fatty acids, omega-3, Oreochromis niloticus, supplementation, LNA IntroductionOmega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), especially alpha-linolenic acid (LNA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA,, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA,, have been extensively studied and said to be beneficial to human health. [1][2][3] A high ratio of dietary n-6/n-3 (omega-6/omega-3) has been reported around the world, reaching ratios between 15:1 and 20:1, while the recommended value is between 2:1 and 1:1. 4 This imbalance in the n-6/n-3 ratios is the result of an excess intake of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) from corn, soybean, and sunflower oils. Furthermore, a high intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) such as myristic acid (14:0), palmitic acid (16:0), and stearic acid (18:0), may contribute to an increase in the indexes of atherogenicity (IA) and thrombogenicity (IT) 6 and to a reduction in the hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio (HH). 7Around the world, flaxseed, perilla, and chia are known sources of LNA, [8][9][10] while fish and microalgae oils rank among the most important sources of EPA and DHA. 11,12 The Japanese grape is originally from Japan, but has quickly expanded to other countries, such as India, Paraguay, Argentina, and Brazil, due to its easy adaptation to the soil and resistance to cold. 13 The Japanese grape are deciduous trees, growing to 10 to 15 m and reaching 20 to 40 cm in diameter of the trunk, commonly used for ornamental and reforestation purposes, and the wood for production of energy, paper and cellulose. The fruit is a small dry capsule from 6 to 7 mm in diameter containing 2 to 4 seeds, attached to a peduncle, which becomes thickened and fleshy when mature, which is also sweet and pleasant-tasting. The seeds are brown with a circular shape from 4 to 8 mm in diameter.14 The peduncles (pseudofruits) can be consumed in natura or in dehydrated form and are also used for alcoholic fermentation, to produce wine or vinegar. 15,16 According to Bampi et al. 13 the peduncles are rich in sugars and have a high content of dietary fi...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Diet Supplemented with Japanese Grape (Hovenia dulcis) Seed Oil on the Omega-3 and Nutritional Lipid Quality in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Oliveira¹,

Ribeiro²,

Silva³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…El pescado posee ácidos grasos omega -3 que disminuyen los marcadores inflamatorios (50,51) y mitigan el daño muscular después del ejercicio intenso (52). Por tanto, el bajo consumo de pescado encontrado en los tres grupos de pacientes estudiados, puede influir negativamente en el desarrollo de las enfermedades osteomusculares, por no ejercer los beneficios comentados a estos pacientes (50).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Factores de riesgo relacionados con los hábitos de vida en pacientes con patología osteomuscular

et al. 2017

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Factores de riesgo relacionados con los hábitos de vida en pacientes con patología osteomuscular Risk factors related with lifestyle in patients with musculoskeletal disorders AbstractBackground: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) encompass a series of debilitating diseases with high incidence and prevalence, representing a high economic and social cost. Prevention is crucial, so is of great interest to determine modifi able risk factors, such as those related to lifestyle. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 91 patients selected by systematic random sampling and were divided into three experimental groups according to the cause and evolution of its MSD (neck pain, knee pain and back pain). A biometric measurement, nutritional assessment, physical and occupational activity, muscle balance and oxidative status was performed. Results: The female is the most affected gender by the presence of musculoskeletal injuries such as neck pain and back pain. Overall, most patients (67.4%) had normal weight, overweight 24.41% and only 8.1% were obese type I. Patients with neck pain are the group doing less physical activity and worse muscular balance present. Oxidative stress was higher in patients with knee pain than in the other groups. Regarding the consumed diet, differences between experimental groups on the mineral content (Zn, Mn, Se and I) and vitamins (folate and ascorbic acid) are observed. Conclusions: Cholecalciferol intake and vitamins A and D is less than those recommended in all subjects, which promotes muscle disease. Folate intake was below recommendations, increasing susceptibility to oxidative stress. Obesity and oxidative stress related to the prevalence of the different types of MSDs studied.

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“…Omega-3 FAs shown to improve human brain function and mood and thus having neuroprotective properties (Ellulu et al, 2015;Koh et al, 2015). Purslane is good sources of ALA as reported in literatures (Simopoulos, A.P.…”

Section: Omega-3 In Purslane and Bioactivitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Meanwhile, there are a number of different phospholipases (A, B, C, D), each having a specific preference for a specific type of phospholipid in the membrane, creating slightly different products. The type of product can then act as a pro-inflammatory mediator or an anti-inflammatory mediator (Ellulu et al, 2015;Koh et al, 2015). When omega-3 FAs from purslane are ingested, they can be acted upon by one particular type of phospholipase that prefers them.…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of a different phospholipase acting on omega-3 FAs, there will also be a different type of product produced (Cotran, 2010). Thus the particular products formed only upon ingestion of omega-3 FAs from purslane may have potential health benefits for inflammatory, metabolic, and even genetic disorders such as cancer (Ellulu et al, 2015;Koh et al, 2015). Eicosanoids are one of the many mediators of inflammation examples of which include prostaglandins, prostacyclin, thromboxane, and leukotrienes ( Figure 2) (Cotran, 2010).…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redefining Unusable Weeds to Beneficial Plants: Purslane as a Powerful Source of Omega-3 for the Future

Agil¹,

Gilbert²,

Tavakoli³

et al. 2015

JFR

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With global consumer demand shifting towards the consumption of healthier foods, it is crucial to discover new sources of edible plants with high nutritional value and low cost. Unique weeds such as purslane have the potential to be used as an untapped source of unconventional food with diverse nutrients and beneficial bioactive properties. Inflammation can cause oxidative stress related diseases including cardiovascular disorders, aging and cancer. One key nutrient of purslane is omega-3 with potential of inhibitory properties against inflammatory and estrogenic mediators. Purslane is known to be a rich source of α-linolenic acid, 18:3 ω-3, an essential fatty acid, carotenes, antioxidants and minerals. However, the precise mechanism of action of its individual components in disease prevention is unknown. This review provides a summary on the role of purslane bioactives, particularly omega-3 fatty acids as one of purslane's main constituents with potential of anti-inflammatory and anti-estrogenic properties. The discovery of new sources of plants rich in omega-3 fatty acids may be a useful strategy in utilizing natural alternative sources of foods that can enhance human health and wellbeing.

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Role of fish oil in human health and possible mechanism to reduce the inflammation

Cited by 97 publications

References 82 publications

Effects of a Diet Supplemented with Japanese Grape (Hovenia dulcis) Seed Oil on the Omega-3 and Nutritional Lipid Quality in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Effects of a Diet Supplemented with Japanese Grape (Hovenia dulcis) Seed Oil on the Omega-3 and Nutritional Lipid Quality in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Factores de riesgo relacionados con los hábitos de vida en pacientes con patología osteomuscular

Redefining Unusable Weeds to Beneficial Plants: Purslane as a Powerful Source of Omega-3 for the Future

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