Role of fungi in the deterioration of wall paintings

Garg, K.; Jain, Kartik; Mishra, A. K.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)04587-q

Cited by 112 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A similar discovery was reported from the prehistoric painted cave of Lascaux in France (Dupont et al, 2007;Orial et al, 2011). These fungal members are reported to deteriorate wall paintings (Dhawan et al, 1993;Garg et al, 1995).…”

Section: -1 Mycobiota Of the Ttmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rosea were the major colonizers in the stone chamber of the TT. These fungal genera are reported as the major groups involved in the biodeterioration of mural paintings outside of Japan (Garg et al, 1995;Karbowska-Berent, 2003). Acremonium (sect.…”

Section: -1 Mycobiota Of the Ttmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Representative decorated caves outside of Japan: Lascaux, Altamira, and others Biodeterioration of cave paintings by microorganisms has been reported worldwide, particularly in Europe (Garg et al, 1995;Karbowska-Berent, 2003). The paleolithic decorated or painted caves of Lascaux (Dordogne, France) and Altamira (Cantabria, Spain), with paintings as old as 18,000-20,000 years, are especially famous worldwide.…”

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphasic insights into the microbiomes of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus and Kitora Tumulus

Sugiyama¹,

Kiyuna²,

Nishijima³

et al. 2017

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Microbial outbreaks and related biodeterioration problems have affected the 1300-year-old multicolor (polychrome) mural paintings of the special historic sites Takamatsuzuka Tumulus (TT) and Kitora Tumulus (KT). Those of TT are designated as a national treasure. The microbiomes of these tumuli, both located in Asuka village, Nara, Japan, are critically reviewed as the central subject of this report. Using culture-dependent methods (conventional isolation and cultivation), we conducted polyphasic studies of the these microbial communities and identified the major microbial colonizers (Fusarium spp., Trichoderma spp., Penicillium spp., dark Acremonium spp., novel Candida yeast spp., Bacillus spp., Ochrobactrum spp., Stenotrophomonas tumulicola, and a few actinobacterial genera) and noteworthy microbial members (Kendrickiella phycomyces, Cephalotrichum verrucisporum (∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ∫Doratomyces verrucisporus), Sagenomella striatispora, Sagenomella griseoviridis, two novel Cladophialophora spp., Burgoa anomala, one novel species Prototheca tumulicola, five novel Gluconacetobacter spp., three novel Bordetella spp., and one novel genus and species Krasilnikoviella muralis) involved in the biodeterioration of mural paintings, plaster walls, and stone chamber interiors. In addition, we generated microbial community data from TT and KT samples using cultureindependent methods (molecular biological methods, including PCR-DGGE, clone libraries, and pyrosequence analysis). These data are comprehensively presented, in contrast to those derived from culture-dependent methods. Furthermore, the microbial communities detected using both methods are analytically compared, and, as a result, the complementary roles of these methods and approaches are highlighted. In related contexts, knowledge of similar biodeterioration problems affecting other prehistoric cave paintings, mainly at Lascaux in France and Altamira in Spain, are referred to and commented upon. Based on substrate preferences (or ecological grouping) and mapping (plotting detection sites of isolates), we speculate on the possible origins and invasion routes whereby the major microbial colonizers invaded the TT stone chamber interior. Finally, concluding remarks, lessons, and future perspectives based on our microbiological surveys of these ancient tumuli, and similar treasures outside of Japan, are briefly presented. A list of the microbial taxa that have been identified and fully or briefly described by us as known and novel taxa for TT and KT isolates since 2008 is presented in Supplementary Materials. 64SUGIYAMA et al.

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Section: -1 Mycobiota Of the Ttmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -1 Mycobiota Of the Ttmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphasic insights into the microbiomes of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus and Kitora Tumulus

Sugiyama¹,

Kiyuna²,

Nishijima³

et al. 2017

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…The microorganisms used in the experiments were selected after reviewing the literature on biodeterioration of wall and easel painting (Ciferri, 1999;Garg et al 1995;Arai, 2000;Doménech-Carbó et al 2006;Romero-Noguera et al 2008, among The study also includes the fungi Phoma herbarum and Chrysonilia sitophila, identified by CECT and isolated from surface of oil on canvas paintings of the Fine Arts Museum of Granada (Spain) entitled Allegory of Death (by P. Toma) and St. Francis of Assisi (anonymous), both of the 17 th century and severely affected by biodeterioration processes.…”

Section: Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodeterioration patterns found in dammar resin used as art material

Romero-Noguera

Martín-Sánchez

López-Miras

et al. 2010

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

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Since the middle of the XIX century, when dammar became popular in Occident, this natural resin is one of the most used in art painting techniques as final protective coating (varnish) as well as a component of pictorial media. The present work is the first approach to the study of the microbiological biodeterioration of this artistic material, which can seriously affect the appearance and integrity of works of art when bad conservation conditions -especially high humidity levelstake place. 12 microorganisms, fungi and bacteria, came from collection and from oil paintings affected by biodeterioration patterns, were inoculated on test specimens prepared with varnish dammar. These were incubated and analyzed by GC-MS to determine both the microbiological capacity of growth and chemical alteration on the resin. Some of the studied microorganisms have shown patterns of deterioration similar to those found in works dedicated to natural or accelerated photochemical ageing of triterpenoid varnishes.

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“…Species of this genus are considered one of the most frequent infestation agents of cultural heritage objects (Florian 2002, Hu et al 2013 and are capable of producing masses of airborne conidia and can grow and reproduce on many different carbon sources, including a variety of materials of which cultural heritage artifacts are composed (paper, textile, frescoes etc.) (Garg et al 1995, Florian 2002. They are also involved in the degradation of a broad range of organic substrata (Goldman and Osmani 2007) due to their proteolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic activity (Borrego et al 2010, 2012a, Eida et al 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of anti-Aspergillus activity of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil and commercial biocide based on silver ions and hydrogen peroxide

Savković¹,

Stupar²,

Grbić³

et al. 2016

Acta Botanica Croatica

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-The antifungal activities of Origanum vulgare essential oil (EO) and of a biocide based on silver and hydrogen peroxide (Sanosil S003) against seven Aspergillus species isolated from different substrata (stone, brick, silk and paper) of cultural heritage objects in Serbia were evaluated. Microdilution, agar dilution and microatmosphere methods were used to determine minimal fungistatic and minimal fungicidal concentrations (MIC and MFC), and light microscopy to determine structural abnormalities. MIC and MFC values for O. vulgare EO ranged from 0.2 to 5 mg mL −1 and for Sanosil S003 from 5 to 250 mg mL −1 . Aspergillus sp. sect. fumigati was the most susceptible isolate, where MIC and MFC values were achieved at 0.5 mg mL −1 for O. vulgare EO, while MIC and MFC values for Sanosil S003 were achieved at 5 and 10 mg mL −1 , respectively. Morpho-physiological changes were documented in all isolates, including lack of sporulation, depigmentation of conidiogenous apparatus and conidia, and presence of aberrant fungal structures. O. vulgare EO exhibited stronger anti-Aspergillus activity than Sanosil S003, as demonstrated by the higher MIC and MFC values and fewer morpho-physiological changes observed in the tested Sanosil S003 concentrations. O. vulgare EO could be an excellent alternative to commercial biocides, with high potential in the fi eld of cultural heritage conservation.

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Role of fungi in the deterioration of wall paintings

Cited by 112 publications

References 8 publications

Polyphasic insights into the microbiomes of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus and Kitora Tumulus

Polyphasic insights into the microbiomes of the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus and Kitora Tumulus

Biodeterioration patterns found in dammar resin used as art material

Comparison of anti-Aspergillus activity of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil and commercial biocide based on silver ions and hydrogen peroxide

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