Role of gluco- and mineralocorticoids in salt and water metabolism of adrenalectomized dogs

Swingle, W. W.; DaVanzo, John P.; Glenister, D.; Crossfield, H. C.; Wagle, G.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.196.2.283

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…There is evidence from other species for the existence of a phenomenon of this kind. For example, in the rat (Moses, 1965) and the dog (Swingle, Da Vanzo, Glenister et al 1959) it has been shown that gluco¬ corticoids can bring about shifts in body water which lead to plasma volume expansion and a recent report has indicated that adrenocorticotrophic hormone and cortisol can produce similar effects in man (Connell, Whitworth, Davies et al 1986). Although the under¬ lying mechanism is unknown, in the sheep there is a distinct possibility that the rumen, which acts as a reservoir for up to 15% of body water (Shkolnik, Maltz & Choshniak, 1980), may be involved in the response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine and behavioural factors affecting water balance in sheep subjected to isolation stress

Parrott¹,

Thornton²,

Forsling³

et al. 1987

Journal of Endocrinology

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The effect of stress on drinking, water balance and endocrine profile was studied using ten castrated rams. Individual sheep were exposed to 30-h periods of total isolation (psychological stress) or physical separation from their social group (control). Plasma was analysed for haematocrit, osmolality, electrolyte levels and concentrations of cortisol and arginine vasopressin. Isolation stress significantly reduced water intake, increased haematocrit and plasma concentration of cortisol, but did not alter osmolality or vasopressin concentration. The physiological effects of this self-imposed water restriction contrast with those obtained by depriving the sheep of water for 24 h under conditions that were not stressful, i.e. by keeping them grouped together. These results suggest that cortisol may act to defend plasma volume in sheep exposed to acute stress. The results also indicate that vasopressin probably should not be considered to be a 'stress hormone' in the sheep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine and behavioural factors affecting water balance in sheep subjected to isolation stress

Parrott¹,

Thornton²,

Forsling³

et al. 1987

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…The extra-renal effects of cortisol and related compounds on the sodium pump on tissues such as heart muscle (Stern et al, 1984), colon (Charney et al, 1975 and liver (Wambach et al, 1982) may be important in determining the partitioning of Na+ and K + between intra-and extra-cellular fluid. It is probable that this ionic imbalance between cellular and extracellular fluid contributes to the multiplicity of symptoms attributable to cortisol deficiency (Swingle et al, 1959). As much as 200 mmol of Na+ or 1.3 1 of water could shift from extra-to intra-cellular spaces in acute corticosteroid deficiency (Skrabal et al, 1972).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Leucocyte Sodium Pump in Adrenocortical Insufficiency

Evans

Burke

1987

Clinical Endocrinology

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In view of the known effects of cortisol and related compounds on sodium balance, we examined leucocyte 22Na+ efflux in patients with adrenocortical insufficiency. The ouabain-sensitive 22Na+ efflux rate constant, which reflects sodium pump activity, was lowered in secondary hypoadrenalism (mean 1.95 +/- SD 0.25 vs 2.33 +/- 0.45 h-1, P less than 0.002, n = 6). Patients with hypoadrenalism also had higher intracellular sodium content (mean 34.9 +/- SD 3.5 vs 27.8 +/- 9.5 mmol/kg dry weight, P less than 0.008) and lower intracellular potassium to sodium ratios (mean 9.7 +/- SD 0.7 vs 12.9 +/- 3.6, P less than 0.001). These defects in cellular sodium balance were corrected following replacement therapy with cortisol, prednisolone or dexamethasone. In-vitro incubation of normal leucocytes with 5-20 nmol/l dexamethasone led to an increase in the Na+/K+-ATPase activity. The effect of cortisol and related compounds on the distribution of sodium between intra- and extra-cellular fluid may be mediated by their action on the sodium pump.

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“…The presence of gluco-and mineralocorticoid receptors in cytosol of human artery may suggest that these hormones act directly on arterial wall and that they regulate various biological phenomena through constriction or dilatation of vascular wall. There is a growing body of evidence which supports this hypothesis (Swingle et al 1959;Kalsner 1969;Beilin et al 1970;Jones and Hart 1975;Friedman and Nakashima 1978;Onoyama et al 1979;Coghlan et al 1980;Jones 1981). The analysis of vascular corticosteroid receptors provides a new aspect in understanding the pathophysiology of various disorders, especially pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Corticosteroid binding in human artery.

Sasano

Watanabe

Sasano

1986

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Mineralo- and glucocorticoid binding in cytosol of surgically obtained human arteries and umbilical arteries were analyzed. Scatchard analysis of glucocorticoid binding in femoral and umbilical arteries revealed the binding parameters of Kd = 4.3, 8.2 X 10(-9) M; Bmax = 42, 90 fmol/mg protein, respectively. Scatchard analysis of mineralocorticoid binding in inferior mesenteric artery showed a curvilinear pattern suggestive of the presence of two binding components, one with a higher affinity and a lower capacity for the ligand (Kd = 3.3 X 10(-10) M, Bmax = 0.8 fmol/mg protein) and the other with lower affinity and higher capacity (Kd = 10 X 10(-7) M, Bmax = 36 fmol/mg protein). Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of mineralo- and glucocorticoid binding in the cytosol of popliteal artery also showed the presence of the corticosteroid binding components with limited binding capacity. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation of corticosteroid binding in cytosol of femoral artery revealed the presence of dexamethasone binding molecule sedimenting in the 8-9 S region and deoxycorticosterone binding molecules sedimenting in the 7-8 and 8-9 S regions of the gradinent. Those results revealed the presence of mineralo- and glucocorticoid receptors in human artery and suggest the possible direct actions of corticosteroids upon human artery.

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Role of gluco- and mineralocorticoids in salt and water metabolism of adrenalectomized dogs

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Endocrine and behavioural factors affecting water balance in sheep subjected to isolation stress

Endocrine and behavioural factors affecting water balance in sheep subjected to isolation stress

The Human Leucocyte Sodium Pump in Adrenocortical Insufficiency

Corticosteroid binding in human artery.

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