Role of Growth Hormone Deficiency and Treatment in Chronic Kidney Disease

Gupta, Diptesh; Gardner, Michael L. G.; Whaley‐Connell, Adam

doi:10.1159/000329930

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…In children the most severe is the growth retardation with decreased final adult height. It is of note, that growth impairment in patients with CKD is associated with increased morbidity and mortality [8,9].…”

Section: Abnormalities In the Growth Hormone-insulin Like Growth Factmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the resistance to IGF-1 in CKD is also caused by the defect in intracellular signal transduction as both: the autophosphorylation of the IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinase and susceptibility of the IGF-1R tyrosine kinase to the exogenous insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) are diminished in CKD [8,9,11,12].…”

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite clear benefits (e.g. promoting muscle mass gain and decreasing the protein energy wasting [8,9,11,12]) rhGH administration in adult CKD patients is not exempted from risks. Clinical studies proving the safety and efficacy of rhGH treatment in CKD patients need to be conducted, before the safe recommendation of such therapy in this group of patients.…”

Section: Growth Hormone Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Kuczera

Adamczak

Wiȩcek

2015

Prilozi

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In patients with chronic kidney disease the alterations of the endocrine system may arise from several causes. The kidney is the site of degradation as well as synthesis of many different hormones. Moreover, a number of concomitant pathological conditions such as inflammation, metabolic acidosis and malnutrition may participate in the pathogenesis of endocrine abnormalities in this group of patients. The most pronounced endocrine abnormalities in patients with chronic kidney disease are the deficiencies of: calcitriol, testosterone, insulin-like growth factor and, erythropoietin (EPO). Additionally accumulation of several hormones, such as: prolactin, growth hormone and insulin frequently also occur. The clinical consequences of the abovementioned endocrine abnormalities are among others: anemia, infertility and bone diseases.

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Section: Abnormalities In the Growth Hormone-insulin Like Growth Factmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insulin-like Growth Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Growth Hormone Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Kuczera

Adamczak

Wiȩcek

2015

Prilozi

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“…PTH is an important phosphoregulatory hormone contributing to the development of renal mineral and bone disorder 77 . GH and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) are important not only for the physiological development of the kidneys but also in renal homeostasis with the inflammatory state of CKD potentially altering the GH-IGF axis 78 , 79 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First genome-wide association study investigating blood pressure and renal traits in domestic cats

Jepson

Warren

Wallace

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Hypertension (HTN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common in ageing cats. In humans, blood pressure (BP) and renal function are complex heritable traits. We performed the first feline genome-wide association study (GWAS) of quantitative traits systolic BP and creatinine and binary outcomes HTN and CKD, testing 1022 domestic cats with a discovery, replication and meta-analysis design. No variants reached experimental significance level in the discovery stage for any phenotype. Follow up of the top 9 variants for creatinine and 5 for systolic BP, one SNP reached experimental-wide significance for association with creatinine in the combined meta-analysis (chrD1.10258177; P = 1.34 × 10–6). Exploratory genetic risk score (GRS) analyses were performed. Within the discovery sample, GRS of top SNPs from the BP and creatinine GWAS show strong association with HTN and CKD but did not validate in independent replication samples. A GRS including SNPs corresponding to human CKD genes was not significant in an independent subset of cats. Gene-set enrichment and pathway-based analysis (GSEA) was performed for both quantitative phenotypes, with 30 enriched pathways with creatinine. Our results support the utility of GWASs and GSEA for genetic discovery of complex traits in cats, with the caveat of our findings requiring validation.

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“…Metabolic acidosis, hyperparathyroidism, inflammation, and signal transduction are delayed after GH receptor activation. They can increase in IGF binding protein and its metabolites may explain this phenomenon 67 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of hormonal changes on sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: where are we now and what can we do?

Güngör

Ulu

Hasbal

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Sarcopenia or muscle wasting is a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder involving the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, often associated with muscle weakness (dynapenia) and frailty. Whereas primary sarcopenia is related to ageing, secondary sarcopenia happens independent of age in the context of chronic disease states such as chronic kidney disease (CKD). Sarcopenia has become a major focus of research and public policy debate due to its impact on patient's health‐related quality of life, health‐care expenditure, morbidity, and mortality. The development of sarcopenia in patients with CKD is multifactorial and it may occur independently of weight loss or cachexia including under obese sarcopenia. Hormonal imbalances can facilitate the development of sarcopenia in the general population and is a common finding in CKD. Hormones that may influence the development of sarcopenia are testosterone, growth hormone, insulin, thyroid hormones, and vitamin D. Although the relationship between free testosterone level that is low in uraemic patients and sarcopenia in CKD is not well‐defined, functional improvement may be seen. Unlike testosterone, it is known that vitamin D is associated with muscle strength, muscle size, and physical performance in patients with CKD. Outcomes after vitamin D replacement therapy are still controversial. The half‐life of growth hormone (GH) is prolonged in patients with CKD. Besides, IGF‐1 levels are normal in patients with Stage 4 CKD—a minimal reduction is seen in the end‐stage renal disease. Unresponsiveness or resistance of IGF‐1 and changes in the GH/IGF‐1 axis are the main causes of sarcopenia in CKD. Low serum T3 level is frequent in CKD, but the net effect on sarcopenia is not well‐studied. CKD patients develop insulin resistance (IR) from the earliest period even before GFR decline begins. IR reduces glucose utilization as an energy source by hepatic gluconeogenesis, decreasing muscle glucose uptake, impairing intracellular glucose metabolism. This cascade results in muscle protein breakdown. IR and sarcopenia might also be a new pathway for targeting. Ghrelin, oestrogen, cortisol, and dehydroepiandrosterone may be other players in the setting of sarcopenia. In this review, we mainly examine the effects of hormonal changes on the occurrence of sarcopenia in patients with CKD via the available data.

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Role of Growth Hormone Deficiency and Treatment in Chronic Kidney Disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 109 publications

Endocrine Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Endocrine Abnormalities in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

First genome-wide association study investigating blood pressure and renal traits in domestic cats

Effects of hormonal changes on sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: where are we now and what can we do?

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