Role of interactions in an electronic Fabry–Perot interferometer operating in the quantum Hall effect regime

Ofek, Nissim; Bid, Aveek; Heiblum, Moty; Stern, Ady; Umansky, V.; Mahalu, D.

doi:10.1073/pnas.0912624107

Cited by 139 publications

(194 citation statements)

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“…In these examples, the nonlinear conductance exhibited the ubiquitous Coulomb 28,31 , and the oscillation periodicity with respect to magnetic field scaled inversely with the number of fully transmitted channels through the device 6,30,[32][33][34] . These two features clearly differ from our observation in the AB-FPI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T he Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) is one of several interferometers implemented in optical 1,2 as well as in electronic systems [3][4][5][6][7] . Its electronic version 6,7 is an excellent platform to demonstrate the wave-particle duality of electrons: interference 4 -a manifestation of wave-like behaviour-alongside with current-fluctuation 8 due to particles discreteness.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the electronic version of the FPI harbours an exceedingly more complex behaviour due to the interacting nature of electrons. Two distinct regimes of the FPI operating in the QHE regimes have been observed 6,7 and theoretically studied [9][10][11][12] : the coherent AharonovBohm (AB) regime, where interactions were thought to play only a minor role and the Coulomb-dominated (CD) regime, where interactions are dominant. In the rather difficult to achieve AB regime, the conductance of the FPI obeys strictly AB interference of independent electrons 13,14 , with conductance oscillation phase following j AB ¼ 2pAB/f 0 , where A denotes the area of the interferometer, B the applied magnetic field and f 0 ¼ h/e ¼ 41 mm 2 G the magnetic flux-quantum with h the Planck constant and e the electron charge.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Robust electron pairing in the integer quantum hall effect regime

et al. 2015

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Electron pairing is a rare phenomenon appearing only in a few unique physical systems; for example, superconductors and Kondo-correlated quantum dots. Here, we report on an unexpected electron pairing in the integer quantum Hall effect regime. The pairing takes place within an interfering edge channel in an electronic Fabry-Perot interferometer at a wide range of bulk filling factors, between 2 and 5. We report on three main observations: high-visibility Aharonov-Bohm conductance oscillations with magnetic flux periodicity equal to half the magnetic flux quantum; an interfering quasiparticle charge equal to twice the elementary electron charge as revealed by quantum shot noise measurements, and full dephasing of the pairs' interference by induced dephasing of the adjacent inner edge channel-a manifestation of inter-channel entanglement. Although this pairing phenomenon clearly results from inter-channel interaction, the exact mechanism that leads to electronelectron attraction within a single edge channel is not clear. We believe that substantial efforts are needed in order to clarify these intriguing and unexpected findings.

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confidence: 99%

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Robust electron pairing in the integer quantum hall effect regime

et al. 2015

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“…3b). These peaks are known not to show magnetic field ( ) dependence if the 'interfering' channel is the outer most one (see Supplementary Section S2) [19]. Adhering to the two-channel model, we tuned each QPC to = 1 2 (with the two '1/3 channels' sketched in Fig.…”

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Edge reconstruction in fractional quantum Hall states

et al. 2017

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“…Experimental evidence for fractional charge dates back almost two decades ago [2][3][4]. Notwithstanding intriguing results [5][6][7], fractional statistics has remained elusive to date. A natural probe of statistics is through its effect on the AharonovBohm (AB) interferometry of anyons moving along the gapless edges of a FQH system.…”

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Suppression of Interference in Quantum Hall Mach-Zehnder Geometry by Upstream Neutral Modes

Goldstein

Gefen

2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Mach-Zehnder interferometry has been proposed as a probe for detecting the statistics of anyonic quasiparticles in fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states. Here we focus on interferometers made of multimode edge states with upstream modes. We find that the interference visibility is suppressed due to downstream-upstream mode entanglement; the latter serves as a "which path" detector to the downstream interfering trajectories. Our analysis tackles a concrete realization of filling factor ν = 2/3, but its applicability goes beyond that specific case, and encompasses the recent observation of ubiquitous emergence of upstream neutral modes in FQH states. The latter, according to our analysis, goes hand in hand with the failure to observe Mach-Zehnder anyonic interference in fractional states. We point out how charge-neutral mode disentanglement will resuscitate the interference signal. Introduction.-One of the most striking implications of the theory of the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) effect is the nature of the elementary excitations ("anyons"), featuring fractional charge and fractional statistics. The latter concerns the change in the state of the system upon braiding the anyons: it is multiplied by a phase in the abelian case, and by a unitary operator in the nonabelian case, thus raising the prospect of topologicallyprotected quantum computation [1]. Experimental evidence for fractional charge dates back almost two decades ago [2][3][4]. Notwithstanding intriguing results [5][6][7], fractional statistics has remained elusive to date. A natural probe of statistics is through its effect on the AharonovBohm (AB) interferometry of anyons moving along the gapless edges of a FQH system. Mach-Zehnder interferometers [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] would have been efficient tools to observe anionic interferometry as they avoid interference-masking Coulomb effects [15,16] and are robust against further quasiparticle fluctuations in the bulk [17][18][19].The interfering paths of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) rely on the chiral edge modes of the FQH geometries. Multimode edges [20][21][22] present one with an interesting twist: the possibility of upstream moving modes (i.e., modes moving against the "downstream" direction set by the magnetic field). These may be neutral [23][24][25]. Such modes have been experimentally detected through the generation of upstream charge noise [26][27][28][29] and thermometry [30]. Recent measurements [31] have surprisingly found that, unlike earlier predictions, upstream neutral modes are not restricted to "hole-like" states (e.g., 1/2 < ν < 1), but rather show up in virtually all FQH states, including simple "electron-like" Laughlin states (such as ν = 1/3) [32]. How do these upstream moving modes affect the expected anyonic interference?Here we show that their effect on the anyonic interference visibility is detrimental. The present analysis, employing the example of a ν = 2/3 FQH system [23,24], entails a single upstream-propagating neutral mode along the edge of a MZI. We note that our...

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Role of interactions in an electronic Fabry–Perot interferometer operating in the quantum Hall effect regime

Cited by 139 publications

References 19 publications

Robust electron pairing in the integer quantum hall effect regime

Robust electron pairing in the integer quantum hall effect regime

Edge reconstruction in fractional quantum Hall states

Suppression of Interference in Quantum Hall Mach-Zehnder Geometry by Upstream Neutral Modes

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