Role of MgF2 addition on high energy ball milled kalsilite: Implementation as dental porcelain with low temperature frit

Abstract

Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) has received great attention over the last few years due to its importance in the dentistry. Kalsilite (K 2 O·Al 2 O 3 ·SiO 2 ) is a high thermal expansion porcelain, suitable for bonding to metals. However, kalsilite is a metastable phase which gets converted into crystalline leucite upon heating. In the current work feasibility of developing stable kalsilite phase, dispersion of MgF 2 in it as an additive and using mechanochemical synthesis are studied. Micro fine dental material has been formulated by mixing prepared kalsilite with low temperature frit (LTF) in different ratio. The crystalline phases evolved in fired powders are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Kalsilite with different ratio of LTF has been cold pressed and heat treated to examine its coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), flexural strength, apparent porosity (AP), bulk density (BD) and microstructure. Results indicate that MgF 2 addition and high milling duration help in kalsilite stabilization. Temperature also plays an important role in this stabilization, and at 1100 ℃ single phase kalsilite formation is observed. Present outcomes demonstrate that it is easily possible to synthesize a stable single phase kalsilite with desirable properties.

Mechanochemically synthesized leucite based bioactive glass ceramic composite for dental veneering

“…The molten frit was quenched in deionized water, dried at 110 1C for 2 h and subsequently pulverized to pass a 350 BSS mesh. A similar process was adopted for the preparation of LTF details, which is described elsewhere [17].…”

“…This work also reports preparation of bioglass and low temperature frit (LTF) by traditional melt-quenching method [17,18]. Above three materials were mixed in an optimum ratio to form a composite with desirable properties.…”

The Mechanism of Porcelain Toughened by Activated Kaolinite in a Lower Sintering Temperature

“…One way of reducing the sintering temperature of porcelain is to add a sintering additive to the raw materials. Several sources of research have reported that the sintering temperature decreased by mixing metal oxides or other fluxing agents into porcelain, whereas these expensive sintering aids are hardly applied to porcelain production [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. O. Turkmen reduced the firing temperature of 25 °C of hard porcelain by 1 wt% wollastonite addition, but the bending strength decreased and the porosity increased [ 15 ].…”

In vitro Cytotoxicity, Apoptotic and Hemolysis Assay of Kalsilite‐Based Glass Ceramics for Dental Veneering Application

“…KAlSiO 4 is a feldspathoid with a structure of (Si, Al)O 4 tetrahedral framework . Kalsilite is a basic silicate mineral which can be used for PFM due to its high CTE and high flexural strength . Becerro et al .…”

“…For the last few years, synthesis of kalsilite has become an attractive subject, especially for veneering applications. Synthesis of kalsilite has been studied using various methods such as mechanochemical, solid‐state, and hydrothermal processes …”