Role of Microbial Immigration in the Colonization of Apple Leaves by Aureobasidium pullulans

Abstract

The role of microbial immigration in the veinal colonization pattern of Aureobasidium pullulans on the adaxial surface of apple leaves was investigated in two experiments at two periods (early and late seasons) in 2004 by applying green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged blastospores to the foliage of orchard trees. Individual leaves were resampled by a semidestructive method immediately after inoculation (t 0 ) and about 1 (t 1 ), 2 (t 2 ), and 3 (t 3 ) weeks later. At t 0 , there were no significant (P < 0.05) differences in densities (cells/mm 2 ) on veinal (excluding midvein) sites and those on interveinal sites, but at all points thereafter, densities were significantly higher on veins. GFP-tagged A. pullulans cells remained primarily as singletons on interveinal regions (>90% at all points), while >20% of cells over veins at t 3 were in colonies of >4 cells. The colonies that developed from single cells placed on midveins and other veins were significantly larger than those that developed on interveinal regions of detached field and seedling leaves incubated under controlled conditions. Colonies primarily developed linearly along veins, reaching average colony sizes (72 h

Extracellular enzymatic activities and physiological profiles of yeasts colonizing fruit trees

“…On the basis of the above findings, it can be concluded that A. pullulans showed the largest spectrum of activities of all the species tested. This black yeast has been considered a major phylloplane yeast and has been found to occupy a specific leaf microhabitat with particular nutrient exudates . Therefore, its ubiquity and massive occurrence in the phylloplane can be explained by its ability to utilize various compounds present in different microhabitats.…”

Development of marine biotechnology as a resource for novel proteases and their role in modern biotechnology

“…A group of researchers have tested the optimum pH for many samples and reprted that for all samples to be 7-7.5 depending on species, with maximum activity at pH 7.2. It has been shown that protease activity in Bacillus clausii [30] is higher than As pergillus nigar [25], Bacillus clausii [29], Aureobasidium pullulans [ 35], Bacillus alveayuensis [36], and Bacillus cereus [4]. These results indicated that for the growth of protease producing bacteria and fungi, alkaline environment is more suitable.…”

Phenotypic plasticity in fungi: a review with observations onAureobasidium pullulans

“…it is pleomorphic) and lives in a wide variety of habitats is Aureobasidium pullulans. This fungus has been recovered from diverse surfaces types, especially the phylloplane (Andrews et al 2002, McGrath and Andrews 2007, Andrews and Harris 1997, Woody et al 2007. Examples of other surface sources include glass (Schabereiter-Gurtner et al 2001), painted material (Shirakawa et al 2002), as well as rocks and marble (Urzì et al 1999(Urzì et al , 2001.…”