“…To explore the correlation between VSMC death and AAD/aneurysm rupture, numerous studies have investigated the effects of CMS on VSMC activity and gene expression using in vitro technologies, wherein CMS is applied to cultured cells or tissues to mimic in vivo wall distension [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ]. The majority of such experiments available in the literature have used rats [ 20 , 21 , 23 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ], mice [ 21 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], and human SMCs [ 21 , 22 , 57 , 58 ], while a few of them have employed porcine SMCs [ 59 ]. It has been reported that applying ≥10% stretching to mouse/rat SMCs cultured on collagen for 4–24 h resulted in enhanced apoptosis in comparison to static controls [ 20 , 23 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 56 ].…”