Role of NK cells in immunomodulator-mediated resistance to herpesvirus infection

Kunder, Steven C.; Wu, Linxian; Morahan, Page S.

doi:10.1016/0166-3542(93)90047-m

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Immune sera are known to have broad reactivity to several antigens, including different envelope glycoproteins, tegument proteins, and capsid proteins (25,63). Of the ϳ11 glycoproteins on the envelope of HSV that mediate viral attachment and entry, several reports (mainly concerning US6/gD, UL27/gB, and UL44/gC) show these to be the targets of virus-neutralizing antibodies in vitro (1,8,50) and able to engender protection in vivo (14,19,57,59), which may be mediated by complement fixation and/or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic mechanisms (28,47,48,80). In the context of HSV serology, it is conventional to focus on membrane proteins, and this has proved a successful approach for engendering antibody-mediated protection with subunit vaccines (44,76).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Antigens in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 by Proteome-Wide Antibody Profiling

Kalantari-Dehaghi

Chun

Chentoufi

et al. 2012

J Virol

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c Routine serodiagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections is currently performed using recombinant glycoprotein G (gG) antigens from herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2. This is a single-antigen test and has only one diagnostic application. Relatively little is known about HSV antigenicity at the proteome-wide level, and the full potential of mining the antibody repertoire to identify antigens with other useful diagnostic properties and candidate vaccine antigens is yet to be realized. To this end we produced HSV-1 and -2 proteome microarrays in Escherichia coli and probed them against a panel of sera from patients serotyped using commercial gG-1 and gG-2 (gGs for HSV-1 and -2, respectively) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We identified many reactive antigens in both HSV-1 and -2, some of which were type specific (i.e., recognized by HSV-1-or HSV-2-positive donors only) and others of which were nonspecific or cross-reactive (i.e., recognized by both HSV-1-and HSV-2-positive donors). Both membrane and nonmembrane virion proteins were antigenic, although type-specific antigens were enriched for membrane proteins, despite being expressed in E. coli. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 cause significant human morbidity. HSV-2 is the causative agent of most recurrent genital herpes lesions and is sexually transmitted. Infections are often asymptomatic, and most infected individuals are unaware of the infection, yet HSV-2 is associated with an increased risk of HIV acquisition (33) and an increased risk during pregnancy of spontaneous abortion, premature birth, and perinatal herpes (12, 13). Unawareness of HSV-2 infection is also a major contributing factor to transmission to uninfected partners (64,65). In contrast, HSV-1 is usually transmitted during childhood and is found to be associated predominantly with orolabial infections (cold sores). Also, HSV-1 infection of the eye (ocular herpes) is the most common cause of infectious corneal blindness in industrialized countries. Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 establish lifelong latent infections within the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia and are characterized by periodic reactivation and virus shedding from mucocutaneous epithelium. Owing to the different natural histories and outcomes of HSV-1 and -2 infections, accurate diagnosis of the HSV type is important for patient management and prognosis and controlling potential transmission. For example, knowing the specific HSV type can help the patient take appropriate precautions to prevent transmission of the disease to others. In particular, the identification of unrecognized HSV-2 infection can be used to carefully monitor virus shedding during pregnancy and minimize the risk of perinatal infection.Laboratory tests for HSV infection include virus culture, virus neutralization, PCR, and serological tests. Virus culture is considered the "gold standard" in the early stages of a primary infection. However, it is less sensitive during the healing stage of infection or during recurrent infections. Culture testi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Antigens in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 by Proteome-Wide Antibody Profiling

Kalantari-Dehaghi

Chun

Chentoufi

et al. 2012

J Virol

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“…Thus, the development of immunization strategies to protect against ocular HSV-1 infection must address the effects of the immunization strategy on the elicitation of latency by subsequent ocular exposure to HSV-1 and the maintenance of latency in the immunized mice. Protective immunity induced by a host following infection is mediated by a combination of innate (e.g., macrophage, NK cell) and adaptive (e.g., neutralizing antibody, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte) immune responses (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In terms of adaptive responses, neutralizing antibodies and T-cell-mediated responses are involved in controlling primary ocular HSV-1 infection in naive mice (5,14,15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Role of CD8⁺T Cells and Lymphoid Dendritic Cells in Protection from Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Challenge in Immunized Mice

Matundan¹,

Mott²,

Ghiasi³

2014

J Virol

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The development of immunization strategies to protect against ocular infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) must address the issue of the effects of the strategy on the establishment of latency in the trigeminal ganglia (TG). It is the reactivation of this latent virus that can cause recurrent disease and corneal scarring. IMPORTANCEIn the past 2 decades, two large clinical HSV vaccine trials were performed, but both vaccine studies failed to reach their goals. Thus, as an alternative to conventional vaccine studies, we have used a different strategy to manipulate the host immune responses in an effort to induce greater protection against HSV infection. In lieu of the pleiotropic effect of CD8␣ ؉ DCs in HSV-1 latency, in this report, we show that the absence of CD8␣ ؉ T cells and CD8␣ ؉ DCs has no adverse effect on vaccine efficacy. In line with our hypothesis, we found that pushing DC subpopulations from CD8␣ ؉ DCs toward CD8␣ ؊ DCs by injection of GM-CSF reduced the amount of latent virus and T-cell exhaustion in TG. While these studies point to the lack of a role for CD8␣ ؉ T cells in vaccine efficacy, they in turn point to a role for GM-CSF in reducing HSV-1 latency.

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“…The genetic resistance to HSV-2 does not correlate with NK cell levels in mice (1), and mice of the beige genotype, which are deficient in NK cell function, are reportedly not more susceptible to HSV-2 than their coisogenic littermates (23). Kunder et al did not detect any effect of depletion of NK cells in mice on survival time after infection with a lethal dose of HSV-2 (19,20). Such data have been the basis of the present consensus that NK cells do not play a significant role in resistance against HSV-2 in vivo (30,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of histamine in natural killer cell-dependent protection against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice

Hellstrand

Asea

Hermodsson

1995

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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Depletion of natural killer (NK) cells in vivo with anti-NK1.1 monoclonal antibody or anti-asialo-GM1 antiserum drastically reduced survival time in Swiss albino mice infected intravenously (i.v.) with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). In contrast, depletion of NK cells did not affect the survival time of mice inoculated with HSV-2 by the intraperitoneal route. A single dose of histamine prolonged survival time in animals inoculated with HSV-2 i.v. but not in animals infected intraperitoneally. Treatment with the histamine H 2 receptor antagonist ranitidine alone reduced survival time in i.v.-infected animals and blocked the protective effect of histamine. Histamine or ranitidine did not affect survival time in anti-NK1.1-or anti-asialo-GM1treated animals. Our data suggest a role for histaminergic mechanisms in NK cell-mediated protection against HSV-2.

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Role of NK cells in immunomodulator-mediated resistance to herpesvirus infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Discovery of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Antigens in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 by Proteome-Wide Antibody Profiling

Discovery of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Antigens in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 by Proteome-Wide Antibody Profiling

Role of CD8⁺T Cells and Lymphoid Dendritic Cells in Protection from Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Challenge in Immunized Mice

Role of histamine in natural killer cell-dependent protection against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice

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Role of NK cells in immunomodulator-mediated resistance to herpesvirus infection

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Discovery of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Antigens in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 by Proteome-Wide Antibody Profiling

Discovery of Potential Diagnostic and Vaccine Antigens in Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 by Proteome-Wide Antibody Profiling

Role of CD8+T Cells and Lymphoid Dendritic Cells in Protection from Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Challenge in Immunized Mice

Role of histamine in natural killer cell-dependent protection against herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in mice

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Role of CD8⁺T Cells and Lymphoid Dendritic Cells in Protection from Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Challenge in Immunized Mice