Role of organic fractions on C decomposition and N mineralization of animal wastes in soil

Morvan, Thierry; Nicolardot, Bernard

doi:10.1007/s00374-009-0355-1

Cited by 51 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The application of organic fertilizers such as pig slurry enhances the proportion of easily-decomposable C fractions (Morvan and Nicolardot, 2009) that could act as substrates for the denitrification process and the concomitant soil N 2 O emissions to the atmosphere (Burford and Bremnner, 1975). Sexstone et al (1985) quantified the diffusion of oxygen within soil aggregates establishing a relationship between their size and their potential to act as denitrifying microsites within soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil management effects on greenhouse gases production at the macroaggregate scale

Plaza‐Bonilla

Cantero‐Martínez

Álvaro‐Fuentes

2014

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Agricultural management practices play an important role in greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions due to their impact on the soil microenvironment. In this study, two experiments were performed to investigate the influence of tillage and N fertilization on GHG production at the macroaggregate scale. In the first experiment, soil macroaggregates collected from a field experiment comparing various soil management systems (CT, conventional tillage; NT, no-tillage) and N fertilization types (a control treatment without N and mineral N and organic N with pig slurry treatments both at 150 kg N ha -1 ) were incubated for 35 days. Methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production was quantified at regular time intervals by gas chromatography. In the second experiment, the effects of fertilization type and soil moisture on the relative importance of nitrification and denitrification processes in N 2 O emission from soil macroaggregates were quantified. Nitrate ammonium, macroaggregate-C concentration, macroaggregate water-stability, microbial biomass-C and N (MBC and MBN, respectively) and water-soluble C (WSC) were determined.While NT macroaggregates showed methanotrophic activity, CT macroaggregates acted as net CH 4 producers. However, no significant differences were found between tillage systems on the fluxes and cumulative emissions of CO 2 and N 2 O. Greatest cumulative CO 2 emissions, macroaggregate-C concentration and WSC were found in the organic N fertilization treatment and the lowest in the control treatment. Moreover, a tillage and N fertilization interactive effect was found in macroaggregate CO 2 production: while the different types of N fertilizers had no effects on the emission of CO 2 in the NT macroaggregates, a greater CO 2 production in the CT macroaggregates was observed for the organic fertilization treatment compared with the mineral and control treatments.The highest N 2 O losses due to nitrification were found in the mineral N treatment while 2 denitrification was the main factor affecting N 2 O losses in the organic N treatment. Our results suggest that agricultural management practices such as tillage and N fertilization regulate GHG production in macroaggregates through changes in the proportion of C and N substrates and in microbial activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil management effects on greenhouse gases production at the macroaggregate scale

Plaza‐Bonilla

Cantero‐Martínez

Álvaro‐Fuentes

2014

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…The degradability of the plant residues during the vegetation period has a significant impact on soil plant coverage, which is expressed by the ratio C:N (e.g. Probert et al 2005;Morvan & Nicolardot 2009). It can be assumed that the narrow ratio of C:N in weeds, which were destroyed by glyphosate applications in the PL W variant, contributed to its rapid degradation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splash erosion in maize crops under conservation management in combination with shallow strip-tillage before sowing

Brant¹,

Kroulík²,

Pivec³

et al. 2017

Soil & Water Res.

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Brant V., Kroulík M., Pivec J., Zábranský P., Hakl J., Holec J., Kvíz Z., Procházka L. (2017): Splash erosion in maize crops under conservation management in combination with shallow strip-tillage before sowing. Soil & Water Res., 12: 106−116.Soil under maize cropping is among the most endangered by erosion. The effect of conservation tillage management on values of splash erosion when using shallow strip tillage before sowing maize was evaluated in the Central Bohemian region (Czech Republic) during the period 2010-2012. The following types of tillage management using conventional technology and shallow tillage were evaluated: ploughed plots with mulch formed by weed biomass (PL W ), ploughed plots with mulch from perennial ryegrass plants (PL PR ), ploughed plots without mulch (PL) and shallow tillage (ST) where the mulch was formed by cereals straw. Furthermore, values of the splash erosion, plants and plant residues coverage ratio of soil by image analysis and the stability of soil aggregates were monitored during the whole experiment. The average value of splash erosion (MSR) was higher by 18.7% in the variant of PL W , lower by 35.9% in PL PR , and lower by 39.5% in ST, than in the control treatment PL (MSR value for PL = 100%) for the whole evaluated period (2010)(2011)(2012). The average values of the soil surface plant coverage ratio in the plots with mulch ranged from 1.5 to 43.0% at the beginning of the vegetation period, and from 4.9 to 85.5% in the second half of the vegetation period. A positive correlation was observed between the average values of the stability of soil aggregates and the plant coverage ratio of the soil surface in 2010 and 2011.

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“…Aita et al (2012), também em condições de laboratório e à temperatura constante de 25ºC. No entanto, Morvan & Nicolardot (2009), que trabalharam em condições de laboratório à temperatura constante de 15ºC, observaram mineralização de apenas 5,7% do N orgânico do DLS incorporado ao solo. Possivelmente, a menor mineralização do N obtida por estes autores, em comparação à encontrada no presente trabalho, resultou das diferenças nas características dos dejetos e da baixa temperatura de incubação utilizada.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A mineralização do N desse material orgânico dependerá das condições edafoclimáticas após sua aplicação no solo e, também, da sua composição química (Morvan & Nicolardot, 2009), a qual varia conforme o substrato utilizado na formação da CSS e do seu tempo de permanência na pocilga (Oliveira, 1999). Os substratos mais comumente utilizados para formar a cama são a maravalha e a serragem (Oliveira, 1999), materiais caracterizados pela elevada relação C/N e pela concentração de compostos lignificados.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Transformações do nitrogênio no solo após adição de dejeto líquido e cama sobreposta de suínos

Giacomini

Aita

Pujol

et al. 2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as transformações do N no solo após a aplicação de dejeto líquido (DLS) e cama sobreposta (CSS) de suínos, com e sem palha de aveia, e com e sem incorporação ao solo. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: solo (S), S + palha incorporada (S + Pi), S + palha em superfície (S + Ps), S + CSS incorporada (S + CSSi), S + CSS em superfície (S + CSSs), S + DLS incorporado (S + DLSi), S + DLS em superfície (S + DLSs), S + Pi + DLSi e S + Ps + DLSs. Avaliaram-se a volatilização de amônia, a nitrificação e a mineralização do N do DLS e da CSS. A incorporação do DLS reduziu a volatilização de amônia em 93%, em comparação à aplicação na superfície do solo. O N amoniacal da CSS foi nitrificado nos cinco primeiros dias. A taxa de nitrificação líquida foi duas vezes maior com a incorporação do DLS ao solo do que na superfície. A mineralização do N orgânico não diferiu com o modo de aplicação do DLS e da CSS no solo. Na CSS, 14,6% do N foi mineralizado, contra 34,9% no DLS. A aplicação do DLS com a palha de aveia na superfície do solo favorece a imobilização microbiana de N, mas não reduz as perdas de N por volatilização de amônia.Termos para indexação: imobilização de N, mineralização, nitrificação, volatilização de NH 3 . Nitrogen transformations in soil after the addition of pig slurry and pig deep-litterAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate soil N transformations after the application of pig slurry (PS) and pig deep-litter (PDL), with and without oat straw, and with and without incorporation into the soil. The evaluated treatments were: soil (S), S + incorporated straw (S + Sti), S + straw on surface (S + Sts), S + incorporated PDL (S + PDLi), S + PDL on surface (S + PDLs), S + incorporated PS (S + PSi), S + PS on surface (S + PSs), S + Sti + Psi, and S + Sts + PSs. The following were evaluated: ammonia volatilization, nitrification and N mineralization of PS and PDL. Incorporation of PS reduced ammonia volatilization in 93% when compared to surface application. The ammoniacal N in PDL was nitrified within the first five days. The net nitrification rate was two times higher with the incorporation of PS into the soil than at surface. Organic N mineralization did not differ with the application methods for PS and PDL to the soil. In PDL, 14.6% N was mineralized, against 34.9% in PS. The application of PS with oat straw to soil surface favors microbial N immobilization but it does not reduce N losses by ammonia volatilization.

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Role of organic fractions on C decomposition and N mineralization of animal wastes in soil

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

Soil management effects on greenhouse gases production at the macroaggregate scale

Soil management effects on greenhouse gases production at the macroaggregate scale

Splash erosion in maize crops under conservation management in combination with shallow strip-tillage before sowing

Transformações do nitrogênio no solo após adição de dejeto líquido e cama sobreposta de suínos

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