Role of Osteogenic Growth Peptide (OGP) and OGP(10–14) in Bone Regeneration: A Review

Abstract

Bone regeneration is a process that involves several molecular mediators, such as growth factors, which directly affect the proliferation, migration and differentiation of bone-related cells. The osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) and its C-terminal pentapeptide OGP(10–14) have been shown to stimulate the proliferation, differentiation, alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization of osteoblastic lineage cells. However, the exact molecular mechanisms that promote osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation are not completely understood. This review presents the main chemical characteristics of OGP and/or OGP(10–14), and also discusses the potential molecular pathways induced by these growth factors to promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. Furthermore, since these peptides have been extensively investigated for bone tissue engineering, the clinical applications of these peptides for bone regeneration are discussed.

Preparing and immobilizing antimicrobial osteogenic growth peptide on titanium substrate surface

“…Therefore, except for outstanding antibacterial properties, an ideal orthopedic implant is also required to have strong osseointegration, which encourage new bone deposition on its surface to speed up the stabilization process and to provide a seamless bone–implant interface . According to previous reports, OGP has shown the ability to regulate proliferation, differentiation, and ECM mineralization for osteoblast cell lineages . In this study, cells adhering onto both Ti–OGP and Ti–OGP–CIP substrates displayed well‐spreading morphologies [Fig.…”

“…OGP, whose primary structure is Ala–Leu–Lys–Arg–Gln–Gly–Arg–Thr–Leu–Tyr–Gly–Phe–Gly–Gly, has 14 amino acids. It has been proved that the C‐terminal pentapeptide (NH 2 –YGFGG–OH) is the physiologically active form of OGP . There are four free amino groups (Ala, Lys, and two Arg) in OGP accessory domain could react with the carboxyl group of CIP.…”

“…Independently, growth factors play important roles in tissue repair and regeneration . Among the growth factors related to bone repair/regeneration, a naturally occurring 14‐mer peptide named osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) has been widely applied to improving bone regeneration . Nicole M. Moore et al reported an immobilized osteogenic growth peptide concentration gradient substrate technology and found that immobilized OGP increased MC3T3‐E1 osteoblast cell proliferation from 0 to 3 days at all densities.…”

“…28 Among the growth factors related to bone repair/regeneration, a naturally occurring 14-mer peptide named osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) has been widely applied to improving bone regeneration. [30][31][32][33][34][35] Nicole M. Moore et al 32 reported an immobilized osteogenic growth peptide concentration gradient substrate technology and found that immobilized OGP increased MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell proliferation from 0 to 3 days at all densities. Besides, Policastro et al 33 proved that OGP tethered PEUs porous scaffolds revealed significant tissue-scaffold integration and the promotion of both osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vivo.…”

Yak (Bos grunniens) bones collagen‐derived peptides stimulate osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation via the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway

“…Osteoblasts are responsible for new bone formation during bone development and remodeling . Several studies have been published concerning the bioactivity of peptides (i.e., from lactoferrin and collagen) stimulating the proliferation of osteoblasts and serving as bone‐growth factors, which counteract osteoporosis . Peptides from yak‐bone collagen were proposed as probable key functional bioactive ingredients during human bone‐health improvement .…”