Role of oxytocin in the control of stress and food intake

Onaka, Tatsushi; Takayanagi, Yuki

doi:10.1111/jne.12700

Cited by 77 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 291 publications

(526 reference statements)

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“…This differential activation of OTergic cells in the different experimental conditions suggests a distinct function. By comparison with rat studies, the activation of OT cells in the PVNmv and the SON, is probably more related to an endocrine response to milk intake as food ingestion induces a massive release of OT into the bloodstream (Verbalis et al, 1996) to act peripherally to control metabolic homeostasis (Onaka and Takayanagi, 2019). OT improves insulin sensitivity, increases lipolysis, enhances glucose uptake and lipid utilization in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and plasma OT levels are notably lower in obese individuals with diabetes (Spetter and Hallschmid, 2017;Ding et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…OT improves insulin sensitivity, increases lipolysis, enhances glucose uptake and lipid utilization in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and plasma OT levels are notably lower in obese individuals with diabetes (Spetter and Hallschmid, 2017;Ding et al, 2019). However, there is also release of OT in the hypothalamus in regions involved in food intake and energy expenditure as the dorsomedial, arcuate and ventromedial nuclei and the lateral hypothalamus, which contain oxytocin receptors (Onaka and Takayanagi, 2019). In general OT is considered an anorexigenic hormone that inhibits food intake and promotes satiety after food ingestion (Arletti et al, 1989;Olson et al, 1991;Onaka and Takayanagi, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is also release of OT in the hypothalamus in regions involved in food intake and energy expenditure as the dorsomedial, arcuate and ventromedial nuclei and the lateral hypothalamus, which contain oxytocin receptors (Onaka and Takayanagi, 2019). In general OT is considered an anorexigenic hormone that inhibits food intake and promotes satiety after food ingestion (Arletti et al, 1989;Olson et al, 1991;Onaka and Takayanagi, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocinergic Cells of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Are Involved in Food Entrainment

et al. 2020

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When food is presented at a specific time of day subjects develop intense locomotor behavior before food presentation, termed food anticipatory activity (FAA). Metabolic and hormonal parameters, as well as neural structures also shift their rhythm according to mealtime. Food-entrained activity rhythms are thought to be driven by a distributed system of central and peripheral oscillators sensitive to food cues, but it is not well understood how they are organized for the expression of FAA. The hormone Oxytocin plays an important role in food intake, satiety and homeostatic glucose metabolism and although it is recognized that food is the main cue for food entrainment this hormone has not been implicated in FAA. Here we investigated the activity of oxytocinergic (OTergic) cells of the hypothalamus in relation to the timing of feeding in rabbit pups, a natural model of food entrainment. We found that OTergic cells of the supraoptic nucleus and the main body of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are activated after feeding which suggests that OT may be an entraining signal for food synchronization. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the PVN revealed that OTergic cells of the caudal PVN and a subpopulation in the dorsal part of the main body of this nucleus shows activation before the time of food but not 12 h later. Moreover this pattern persists in fasted subjects at the time of the previous scheduled time of nursing. The fact that those OTergic cells of the dorsal and caudal part of the PVN contain preautonomic cells that project to the adrenal, pancreas and liver perhaps may be related to the physiological changes in preparation for food ingestion, and synchronization of peripheral oscillators, which remains to be determined; perhaps they play a main role in the central oscillatory mechanism of FAA as their activity persists in fasted subjects at the time of the next feeding time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxytocinergic Cells of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Are Involved in Food Entrainment

et al. 2020

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“…Contrary to what was observed in lambs, in which plasma OXT levels increased during isolation and decreased during an interaction with a familiar caregiver [34], recent studies suggest that OXT facilitates and increases after affiliative, positive forms of human-animal interaction, including in domestic dogs [22,26,29]. From a neurophysiological point of view, the secretion of OXT has inhibitory actions on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis [35]; additionally, in response to a stressor, OXT is released in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), which is subsequently associated with active stress-coping behavior [36]. This mechanism seems to be confirmed in humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effects of Stroking on Salivary Oxytocin and Cortisol in Guide Dogs: Preliminary Results

Ogi

Mariti

Baragli

et al. 2020

Animals

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This pilot study aimed at investigating how salivary oxytocin levels are affected by human interaction and isolation in eight guide dogs (six Labrador retrievers and two golden retrievers; four males and four females, 21.87 ± 1.36 months old) just before assignment to the blind person. Each dog engaged, at one-week intervals, in a positive (5 min of affiliative interaction with their trainer) and a negative (5 min of isolation) condition. Saliva samples used for Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) quantification of salivary oxytocin were collected before and immediately after both experimental conditions. In order to assess potential hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activation that could have affected oxytocin levels, saliva samples were collected 15 min after both experimental conditions for EIA quantification of salivary cortisol and a behavioral assessment was performed during the negative condition. The results were compared using the Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05). Oxytocin concentrations showed a statistically significant increase after the positive interaction (p = 0.036) and no difference after the negative one (p = 0.779). Moreover, no difference (p = 0.263) was found between the cortisol concentrations after each experimental condition and no signs of distress were observed during the isolation phase. These preliminary findings support the hypothesis that stroking dogs has positive effects on their emotional state independently of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis activation.

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“…In addition to their classical roles in reproduction, stress and water balance, oxytocin and vasopressin have roles in energy homeostasis . Both central and peripheral oxytocin administration exert anorexigenic effects, increase energy expenditure and induce lipolysis .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral insulin administration enhances the electrical activity of oxytocin and vasopressin neurones in vivo

Paiva

Leng

2020

J Neuroendocrinology

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Oxytocin neurones are involved in the regulation of energy balance through diverse central and peripheral actions and, in rats, they are potently activated by gavage of sweet substances. Here, we test the hypothesis that this activation is mediated by the central actions of insulin. We show that, in urethane‐anaesthetised rats, oxytocin cells in the supraoptic nucleus show prolonged activation after i.v. injections of insulin, and that this response is greater in fasted rats than in non‐fasted rats. Vasopressin cells are also activated, although less consistently. We also show that this activation of oxytocin cells is independent of changes in plasma glucose concentration, and is completely blocked by central (i.c.v.) administration of an insulin receptor antagonist. Finally, we replicate the previously published finding that oxytocin cells are activated by gavage of sweetened condensed milk, and show that this response too is completely blocked by central administration of an insulin receptor antagonist. We conclude that the response of oxytocin cells to gavage of sweetened condensed milk is mediated by the central actions of insulin.

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Role of oxytocin in the control of stress and food intake

Cited by 77 publications

References 291 publications

Oxytocinergic Cells of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Are Involved in Food Entrainment

Oxytocinergic Cells of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus Are Involved in Food Entrainment

Effects of Stroking on Salivary Oxytocin and Cortisol in Guide Dogs: Preliminary Results

Peripheral insulin administration enhances the electrical activity of oxytocin and vasopressin neurones in vivo

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